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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rev Bras Enferm</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">reben</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev. Bras. Enferm.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0034-7167</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1984-0446</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Associa&#231;&#227;o Brasileira de Enfermagem</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">gKzTB7bTcRrTp93bLZQL6jG</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0034-71672025001000503</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0014</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00503</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>EXPERIENCE REPORT</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Inclusion of planetary health and Sustainable Development Goals in nursing training</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
          <trans-title>Inclusi&#243;n de la salud planetaria y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en la formaci&#243;n de enfermer&#237;a</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5370-4349</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferrari</surname>
            <given-names>Anna Paula</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>conception or design of the study/research to the analysis and/or interpretation of data to the final review with critical</role>
          <role>intellectual participation in the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4321-0118</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Andrade</surname>
            <given-names>Juliane</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>conception or design of the study/research to the analysis and/or interpretation of data to the final review with critical</role>
          <role>intellectual participation in the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9597-3635</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Parada</surname>
            <given-names>Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>conception or design of the study/research to the analysis and/or interpretation of data to the final review with critical</role>
          <role>intellectual participation in the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>I</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual Paulista &#8220;J&#250;lio de Mesquita Filho&#8221;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Botucatu</city>
          <state>S&#227;o Paulo</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual Paulista &#8220;J&#250;lio de Mesquita Filho&#8221;. Botucatu, S&#227;o Paulo, Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Corresponding author:</bold> Anna Paula Ferrari, E-mail: <email>anna.ferrari@unesp.br</email> </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <label>EDITOR IN CHIEF:</label>
          <p>Dulce Barbosa</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <label>ASSOCIATE EDITOR:</label>
          <p>Alexandre Balsanelli</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>78</volume>
      <issue>Suppl 1</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20240014</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>31</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>ABSTRACT</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objectives:</title>
          <p>to report the experience of including the topics of planetary health and Sustainable Development Goals in undergraduate nursing education.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>this is an experience report, in the context of an integrated curriculum, based on professional competence and that explores active teaching-learning methodologies in an undergraduate nursing course.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>the inclusion of the aforementioned topics constitutes an important step towards comprehensive nursing education aligned with current global challenges, transcending the traditional scope and recognizing the vital interconnection between human, animal, and environmental health and planet sustainability.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Final Considerations:</title>
          <p>reflection was made on the inclusion of planetary health and Sustainable Development Goals in undergraduate nursing education, with the aim of contributing to Higher Education Institutions in general and, specifically, in nursing, mobilizing themselves to address these important topics both in terms of teaching and research.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">
        <title>RESUMEN</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivos:</title>
          <p>relatar la experiencia de inclusi&#243;n de la salud planetaria y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en la formaci&#243;n de pregrado en enfermer&#237;a.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>se trata de un relato de experiencia, en el contexto de un curr&#237;culo integrado, basado en la competencia profesional y que explora metodolog&#237;as activas de ense&#241;anza-aprendizaje en una carrera de graduaci&#243;n en enfermer&#237;a.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>la inclusi&#243;n de los temas antes mencionados constituye un paso importante hacia una formaci&#243;n integral de enfermer&#237;a alineada con los desaf&#237;os globales actuales, trascendiendo el alcance tradicional y reconociendo la interconexi&#243;n vital entre la salud humana, animal y ambiental y la sostenibilidad del planeta.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Consideraciones Finales:</title>
          <p>se reflexion&#243; sobre la inclusi&#243;n de la salud planetaria y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible en la formaci&#243;n de pregrado en enfermer&#237;a, con el objetivo de contribuir a que las Instituciones de Educaci&#243;n Superior en general y, espec&#237;ficamente, en el &#225;rea de enfermer&#237;a, se movilicen para abordar estos importantes temas tanto en lo que respecta a la docencia como a la investigaci&#243;n.</p>
        </sec>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Descriptors:</title>
        <kwd>Teaching</kwd>
        <kwd>Teaching Methods</kwd>
        <kwd>Active Learning</kwd>
        <kwd>Sustainable Development Goals</kwd>
        <kwd>Nursing</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
        <title>Descriptores:</title>
        <kwd>Ense&#241;anza</kwd>
        <kwd>M&#233;todos de Ense&#241;anza</kwd>
        <kwd>Aprendizaje Activo</kwd>
        <kwd>Metas de Desarrollo Sostenible</kwd>
        <kwd>Enfermer&#237;a</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>INTRODUCTION</title>
      <p>The discussion on planetary health, a focus of interest since the second half of the 2000s, has been gaining more and more momentum, especially because wars and climate, economic and health crises have threatened life on Earth and brought feelings of uncertainty around the world<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</sup>. In that year, 189 countries approved the Millennium Declaration, an agreement made with the aim of making the world safer, more prosperous and fairer. Eight objectives were then established to be achieved by 2015, such as the Millennium Development Goals, including ensuring environmental sustainability, whose focus was directed towards the integration between the principles of sustainable development and government policies and programs<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>In 2015, in an attempt to minimize the negative impacts of human action on planet health, among other challenges, the United Nations proposed the 2030 Agenda. This is a global plan developed with the participation of 193 member states, and 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were established. Targets were set and, by 2030, the countries involved must achieve them. These include measures to eradicate poverty, protect the environment and climate, and ensure that people can enjoy peace and prosperity in all environments<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>From this perspective, professional training in nursing for the Brazilian Healthcare system, which aims to be guided by individuals&#8217; and communities&#8217; health needs, respect and guarantee human rights, and promote comprehensive and intersectoral education, needed to be reviewed so that issues related to the SDGs and planetary health, among other aspects, were reinforced. Thus, the current Brazilian National Curricular Guidelines (CNE/CES Resolution 3/01) are undergoing an updating process, as stated in Resolution 573 of January 31, 2018, and incorporate, in its Article 21, environmental education and sustainability as cross-cutting topics to the course, proposing, in Article 5, the use of active teaching-learning methodologies (AMs) so that undergraduate students recognizes themselves as a subject in their training process, in a movement of learning to learn, considering and reflecting on the reality of individuals, families, and the community<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>By encouraging students to participate in their learning process, AMs promote the development of several skills expected of professionals in this century, such as problem-solving, agility, adaptability, collaboration, critical thinking, curiosity and imagination, leadership through influence, initiative, entrepreneurship, effective oral and written communication as well as access to information for careful analysis<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>The inclusion of relevant cross-cutting topics, such as planetary health and SDGs, combined with the use of AMs, can contribute to the development of a care model that overcomes biologicism and advances towards comprehensiveness<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>)</sup>. This power, however, is little explored when considering the training of nurses, and, in this context, this experience report is presented.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>OBJECTIVES</title>
      <p>To report the experience of including planetary health and SDG topics in undergraduate nursing education.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>METHODS</title>
      <p>This is an experience report on the inclusion of planetary health and SDGs in undergraduate nursing education. The text is organized into two parts: the first presents the authors&#8217; experience, professors at a public university, in planning and implementing these topics in an integrated curriculum, based on professional competence and exploring the AMs of teaching and learning; and the second presents experience problematization, discussed based on current national and international literature.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Planning and implementing topics in the curriculum</title>
        <p>In 2023, the undergraduate nursing course at a state university in S&#227;o Paulo launched a new curriculum, integrated and guided by four areas of professional competence (individual healthcare, collective healthcare, management and administration, and education and research), seeking to build a solid foundation for training nursing professionals prepared not only for technical challenges, but also for addressing emerging global issues. The curricular restructuring process, which began in 2017, had the collaboration of all professors involved in the course, including students, graduate students and nurses from different practice settings, in a clear collective approach, demonstrating the commitment to a more holistic training.</p>
        <p>Each area of competence is composed of Curricular Units (CUs) which, in turn, are formatted by a competence matrix, a schematic device that organizes, in an interrelated manner, the key actions, purposes, main educational actions, expected performances, academic semester of implementation, and knowledge, skills and attitudes to be achieved.</p>
        <p>In this report, the area of competence of collective healthcare and the CU collective health needs from the territory and from a global perspective stand out, developed in the first semester of the first year based on the following thematic chunks: 1 - Introduction to the field of collective health; 2 - University-service-community interaction; 3 - Conceptions of the health-disease process, conceptual models and health needs; 4 - Use of databases in community health diagnosis; 5 - Conceptual models of the health-disease process with a focus on social determination; 6 - Planetary health, climate change, impact on health and SDGs; 7 - Health, environment and sustainability; and 8 - Interaction between man, environment and the health-disease process.</p>
        <p>Based on the above, the last three chunks of this CU, which focuses on collective care, are linked to planetary health and the SDGs, highlighting the curriculum&#8217;s comprehensive vision by recognizing the interdependence between planet health and conditions. These are not just study topics, but rather an invitation for all those involved to reassess their patterns of thought and actions, seeking harmonious personal insertion on the planet. The chunks are presented below in more detail as well as a summary of objectives and content covered (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Chart 1</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t1">
          <label>Chart 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Objectives and content covered in chunks that comprised the topics of planetary health and Sustainable Development Goals, 2024</title>
          </caption>
          <table>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Chunk</th>
                <th align="center">Objectives</th>
                <th align="center">Content</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">1 - Planetary health, climate change, health impact and SDGs</td>
                <td align="center">Relate the impacts of the environment and climate change on human health;<break/>Recognize the importance of planetary health and SDGs.</td>
                <td align="center">Impacts of the environment on human health: environmental and planetary health;<break/>Climate change and health impacts;<break/>The SDGs and environmental education in health. </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">2 - Health, environment and sustainability</td>
                <td align="center">Classify sustainable hospitals and healthcare services;<break/>Recognize the different types of solid waste and how to proceed with each one, from collection to final destination (segregation and disposal);<break/>Identify relevant aspects about waste generation to be considered after purchasing products to be used in healthcare services.</td>
                <td align="center">Concepts and objectives of sustainable hospitals and healthcare services; <break/>Types of solid waste and their processing;<break/>Purchase of products, waste generation, segregation and disposal.</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">3 - Interaction between man, environment and the health-disease process</td>
                <td align="center">Identify environmental situations that influence the community&#8217;s health-disease process.</td>
                <td align="center">Socio-environmental determinants in the health-disease process.</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Chunk 1 (planetary health, climate change, impact on health and SDGs) had the constructivist spiral (CS) as its teaching strategy<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>)</sup>. This demonstrates the institutional commitment to cultivating creative skills and attitudes in students and the pursuit of constructing their own knowledge, rather than learning based on the transmission of information. It was developed in three small groups, with ten students and a facilitator in each. The trigger used was a fictitious problem situation, constructed by the discipline professors and validated by a specialist in teaching AMs.</p>
        <p>The intention of this strategy was for students to recognize the importance of planetary health and the SDGs and relate the impacts of the environment and climate change on health.</p>
        <p>Chunk 2 (health, environment and sustainability) also used CS in small groups<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>)</sup>, but had two true reports as triggers: one about waste improperly disposed of in landfills and dumps; and another about a report by collectors regarding the incorrect disposal of hospital material. Moreover, technical visits were made to the environmental agents&#8217; cooperative, where waste segregation and recycling are carried out in a medium-sized city in S&#227;o Paulo, and to the sanitation center of a public university hospital, which highlights the value of applying knowledge in real-world contexts, transcending the classroom.</p>
        <p>In this case, the intention was to encourage students to: reflect on the importance of implementing actions to reduce the impacts of health and nursing practices on the environment; recognize the different types of solid waste and their processing, from collection to final destination (segregation and disposal); classify sustainable hospitals and healthcare services; identify relevant aspects about waste generation that need to be considered after purchasing products to be used in healthcare services and how to develop sustainable attitudes in different academic opportunities.</p>
        <p>In chunk 3 (human-environment interaction and health-disease process), different teaching strategies were used: educational trip<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>)</sup>, with the showing of a shortened version of the film <italic>The Beginning of Life</italic>, which was intended to provoke feelings and reflections regarding the connection with nature in early childhood and its repercussions in adult life; team-based learning<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>)</sup>, for a theoretical approach to essential concepts; visit to the Environmental School (ES) in the city where the university is located; and subsequent elaboration and sharing of a narrative focused on the experience, in addition to conversation with a specialist, to discuss any doubts or deepen topics related to the chunk, in order to enrich students&#8217; education.</p>
        <p>It is important to note that ES is a municipal school that aims, using a specific methodology, to raise awareness of the connection with nature, its particularities and biodiversity. During the visit, different ES professionals interacted with students, contributing to understanding the interrelationship between the environment and well-being as well as raising awareness regarding planet care.</p>
        <p>In this chunk, the intention was for students to be able to identify environmental situations that influence the health-disease process of individuals and the community, in addition to perceiving the connection with nature as a prescriptive activity for responsible and sustainable care.</p>
        <p>The assessment process for the three chunks described was comprehensive and consisted of two attitudinal assessments and one cognitive assessment, demonstrating genuine concern for students&#8217; comprehensive development. Attitudinal assessments were carried out using an instrument developed by the curriculum implementation management group, considering the different teaching strategies used, aiming to assess students&#8217; performance in learning how to learn. For cognitive assessment, a written test was chosen, prepared in a format applied to reality, and was used as a trigger for questions about the VI Civil Society Report on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in Brazil, released in 2022, once again bringing up the discussion of this contemporary challenge to nursing education. In this way, facilitators were able to identify the knowledge, skills, and attitudes developed during the semester, aligned with the intentions of each chunk.</p>
        <p>Finally, at the end of the semester, one week was set aside for intra-unit activities, aiming to integrate the content of each CU, and another two weeks for inter-unit activities, aimed at integrating the different CUs of that semester. Thus, during the intra-unit week, we sought to integrate all the CU content through conversations with experts in planetary health, and during the inter-unit week, we proposed an activity to observe the campus spaces. This observation was based on a script prepared by the students themselves, after participating in a discussion with a member of the Local Accessibility and Inclusion Committee. It consisted of addressing aspects related to accessibility, safety and the environment, integrating the unit being reported on with the other three developed during the semester: the teaching-learning process of the nurse; the health needs of the individual; and nursing as a healthcare profession and practice of care.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Problematization of the lived experience</title>
        <p>The inclusion of topics related to planetary health and SDGs in undergraduate nursing education represents an important step towards a more comprehensive education aligned with current global challenges. This approach transcends the traditional scope of nursing education, recognizing the vital interconnection between health, the environment and planet sustainability.</p>
        <p>Students are challenged to recognize how environmental factors impact the health of individuals and communities, to reflect on the implications of human actions on the environment, and to take a proactive stance in the search for sustainable solutions in order to contribute to preserving the environment, the well-being of future generations, and the construction of a more equitable and healthier world. By addressing issues of global relevance, such as climate change and waste management, and integrating the SDGs into the curriculum aimed at training nurses, the intention to train professionals committed not only to treating diseases, but to promoting health in its broadest sense is evident.</p>
        <p>In this context, it can be stated that the curriculum under development is advancing by promoting relevant discussions on planetary health and the SDGs. Both national<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>)</sup> and international<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>)</sup> literature highlight the urgency of nursing being appropriate for the interlocution of its practice with the SDGs. Regarding planetary health, scientific production is still scarce, not only when considering research reports, but also reflections and editorials. Thus, there is a gap in publications, especially on the inclusion of this topic in Higher Education Institutions, although environmental health may be present in pedagogical projects of nursing courses in some Brazilian institutions.</p>
        <p>It was possible to find an article that reports the experience of a federal university when working on the topic using AMs. In this case, the focus was on promoting reflection on ecosystem protection in the care of individuals and the community<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>)</sup>. As learned from the experience reported here, the authors point out that addressing planetary health in health education transcends the perception of health and disease as isolated aspects, and makes us rethink the context, in its most comprehensive form, involved in this process. They consider this transcendence to be necessary in all segments, especially in sectors promoting training and education, and recognize as a priority the interconnection between human, animal, environmental and, consequently, ecosystem health.</p>
        <p>Considering the current enormous global environmental crisis, educational institutions have been reflecting on the importance of addressing this issue in education, exploring its transdisciplinarity, but its effective inclusion in curricula is still incipient. Thus, the curricular experience reported here should be valued, since it advances in addressing planetary health and the SDGs in an integrated manner with the discussion of social determination, structural inequalities, and intersectionalities. As highlighted in the guide to planetary health education (A Framework to Guide Planetary Health Education)<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>)</sup>, future professionals have the opportunity to redirect the trajectory of institutions of various natures, such as health, education, and politics, which reproduce inequalities and, consequently, have repercussions on the planet&#8217;s living conditions.</p>
        <p>Globally, there is a group of researchers in planetary health who still face several challenges in implementing actions for human sustainability and, consequently, transforming the Anthropocene. The complexity of the issue demands several actions to overcome the challenges that arise, one of which is the inclusion of the topic in the curricula of Higher Education Institutions, using methodologies that provide a critical and transformative view of reality. In this sense, the power of nursing training stands out, given the breadth of their performance and representation. Therefore, this reflection constitutes one of these actions.</p>
        <p>In this context, the importance of the topic for professional training and the scarcity of studies that address the Brazilian situation are highlighted. The possibility of reflecting on the current national scenario, where intense environmental challenges are faced, reinforces the need to prepare nurses who can act effectively and ethically in a world increasingly affected by environmental crises. Therefore, incorporating planetary health into nursing education is urgent, as it contributes to training professionals capable of facing the complex challenges of contemporary Brazil and contributing to a healthier and more sustainable future.</p>
        <p>It is essential to clarify that the process of putting this experience into practice faced obstacles that could be overcome, the main one being the difficulty that students had in accepting the use of AMs, as proposed, since they were unanimously graduates of a training model that aimed to transmit knowledge traditionally. The facilitators, authors of this article, remained firm with this innovative proposal, especially in the initial moments, which were the most critical. Throughout the process, however, there was understanding and involvement of students with the aforementioned methodologies, at the same time that they realized the relevance of the studied topic.</p>
        <p>Finally, the future challenge is to maintain planetary health and the SDGs in transdisciplinary manner in the CUs of the next years of the course. To this end, the professors involved in this report have the important role of disseminating this experience and its positive results, in order to make other professors and students engage with this proposal.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>FINAL CONSIDERATIONS</title>
      <p>This text reports on the experience of working on the topics of planetary health and SDGs in undergraduate nursing education using AMs, a problem with an incipient approach in national and international scientific literature. It is believed that, based on this reflection, Higher Education Institutions in general and, specifically, in nursing, can be mobilized, both to look at teaching in the context of planetary health and SDGs and to develop research that involves these topics in teaching and their influence on health practice.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ack>
      <title>ACKNOWLEDGMENT</title>
      <p>To the Postgraduate Program in Public Health at the S&#227;o Paulo State University (UNESP), MedicalSchool, Botucatu, for supporting the publication.</p>
    </ack>
    <ref-list>
      <title>REFERENCES</title>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/0034-7167-2024-0014pt</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>RELATO DE EXPERI&#202;NCIA</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Inser&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel na forma&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5370-4349</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferrari</surname>
            <given-names>Anna Paula</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>concep&#231;&#227;o ou desenho do estudo/pesquisa</role>
          <role>com a an&#225;lise e/ou interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>com a revis&#227;o final com participa&#231;&#227;o cr&#237;tica</role>
          <role>intelectual no manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4321-0118</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Andrade</surname>
            <given-names>Juliane</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>concep&#231;&#227;o ou desenho do estudo/pesquisa</role>
          <role>com a an&#225;lise e/ou interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>com a revis&#227;o final com participa&#231;&#227;o cr&#237;tica</role>
          <role>intelectual no manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9597-3635</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Parada</surname>
            <given-names>Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>concep&#231;&#227;o ou desenho do estudo/pesquisa</role>
          <role>com a an&#225;lise e/ou interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>com a revis&#227;o final com participa&#231;&#227;o cr&#237;tica</role>
          <role>intelectual no manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">I</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>I</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual Paulista &#8220;J&#250;lio de Mesquita Filho&#8221;. Botucatu, S&#227;o Paulo, Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><label>Autor Correspondente:</label> Anna Paula Ferrari, E-mail: <email>anna.ferrari@unesp.br</email> </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <label>EDITOR CHEFE:</label>
          <p>Dulce Barbosa</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <label>EDITOR ASSOCIADO:</label>
          <p>Alexandre Balsanelli</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>RESUMO</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivos:</title>
          <p>relatar a experi&#234;ncia da inser&#231;&#227;o das tem&#225;ticas sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel no ensino de gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>trata-se de relato de experi&#234;ncia, no contexto de um curr&#237;culo integrado, baseado em compet&#234;ncia profissional e que explora as metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem em curso de gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>a inser&#231;&#227;o dos temas citados constitui passo importante na dire&#231;&#227;o da forma&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem abrangente e alinhada aos desafios globais atuais, transcendendo ao escopo tradicional e reconhecendo a interconex&#227;o vital entre a sa&#250;de humana, animal, ambiental e a sustentabilidade do planeta.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Considera&#231;&#245;es Finais:</title>
          <p>refletiu-se sobre a inser&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel no ensino de gradua&#231;&#227;o de enfermagem, com a finalidade de contribuir para que Institui&#231;&#245;es de Ensino Superior em geral e, especificamente, na &#225;rea da enfermagem, mobilizem-se para abordagem dessas importantes tem&#225;ticas tanto no que diz respeito ao ensino quanto &#224; pesquisa.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Descritores:</title>
        <kwd>Ensino</kwd>
        <kwd>M&#233;todos de Ensino</kwd>
        <kwd>Aprendizagem Ativa</kwd>
        <kwd>Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel</kwd>
        <kwd>Enfermagem</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>INTRODU&#199;&#195;O</title>
        <p>A discuss&#227;o sobre sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, alvo de interesse desde a segunda metade dos anos 2000, vem ganhado cada vez mais for&#231;a, especialmente porque guerras e crises clim&#225;tica, econ&#244;mica e sanit&#225;ria t&#234;m amea&#231;ado a vida na terra e acarretado sensa&#231;&#245;es de incertezas ao redor do mundo<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</sup>. No referido ano, 189 pa&#237;ses aprovaram a Declara&#231;&#227;o do Mil&#234;nio, acordo realizado com o intuito de tornar o mundo mais seguro, pr&#243;spero e justo. Foram estabelecidos, ent&#227;o, oito objetivos a serem alcan&#231;ados at&#233; 2015, como os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Mil&#234;nio, incluindo a garantia da sustentabilidade ambiental, cujo foco foi direcionado para a integra&#231;&#227;o entre os princ&#237;pios do desenvolvimento sustent&#225;vel e as pol&#237;ticas e programas de governo<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A partir de 2015, ainda na tentativa de minimizar os impactos negativos da a&#231;&#227;o humana na sa&#250;de do planeta, entre outros desafios, foi proposta a Agenda 2030 da Organiza&#231;&#227;o das Na&#231;&#245;es Unidas. Trata-se de plano global cuja elabora&#231;&#227;o contou com a participa&#231;&#227;o de 193 estados membros, e foram estabelecidos 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel (ODS). Metas foram elencadas e, at&#233; 2030, os pa&#237;ses envolvidos precisam atingi-las. Essas envolvem medidas para erradica&#231;&#227;o da pobreza, prote&#231;&#227;o do meio ambiente e clima, e garantia de que as pessoas possam desfrutar de paz e prosperidade em todos os ambientes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Nessa perspectiva, a forma&#231;&#227;o profissional em enfermagem para o Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de, que visa pautar-se nas necessidades de sa&#250;de das pessoas e comunidades, respeitar e garantir os direitos humanos, al&#233;m de promover a educa&#231;&#227;o integral e intersetorial, precisou ser revista, para que quest&#245;es relacionadas aos ODS e sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, entre outros aspectos, fossem refor&#231;adas. Assim, as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais vigentes (Resolu&#231;&#227;o CNE/CES n&#186; 3/ 01) passam por processo de atualiza&#231;&#227;o, como consta da Resolu&#231;&#227;o n&#186; 573, de 31 de janeiro de 2018, e incorpora, em seu Artigo 21&#186;, a educa&#231;&#227;o ambiental e sustentabilidade como temas transversais ao curso, propondo, no Artigo 5&#186;, a utiliza&#231;&#227;o das metodologias ativas (MAs) de ensino-aprendizagem, para que o graduando reconhe&#231;a-se como sujeito no seu processo de forma&#231;&#227;o, em um movimento de aprender a aprender, considerando e refletindo sobre a realidade dos indiv&#237;duos, fam&#237;lias e comunidade<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Ao estimular a participa&#231;&#227;o dos estudantes no seu processo de aprendizado, as MAs promovem o desenvolvimento de diversas compet&#234;ncias esperadas do profissional deste s&#233;culo, como solu&#231;&#227;o de problemas, agilidade, adaptabilidade, colabora&#231;&#227;o, pensar criticamente, curiosidade e imagina&#231;&#227;o, lideran&#231;a por influ&#234;ncia, iniciativa, empreendedorismo, comunica&#231;&#227;o oral e escrita eficazes, al&#233;m de acesso &#224; informa&#231;&#227;o para an&#225;lise criteriosa<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A inser&#231;&#227;o de temas transversais relevantes, como sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS, aliada ao uso de MAs, pode contribuir com o desenvolvimento de um modelo de cuidado que supere o biologicismo e avance no sentido da integralidade<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>)</sup>. Essa pot&#234;ncia, por&#233;m, &#233; pouco explorada quando se considera a forma&#231;&#227;o de enfermeiros, e, neste contexto, apresenta-se este relato de experi&#234;ncia.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>OBJETIVOS</title>
        <p>Relatar a experi&#234;ncia da inser&#231;&#227;o das tem&#225;ticas de sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS no ensino de gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#201;TODOS</title>
        <p>Trata-se relato de experi&#234;ncia sobre a inser&#231;&#227;o das tem&#225;ticas sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS no ensino de gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem. O texto est&#225; organizado em duas partes: na primeira, apresenta-se a viv&#234;ncia das autoras, docentes de universidade p&#250;blica, no planejamento e implementa&#231;&#227;o desses temas em curr&#237;culo integrado, baseado em compet&#234;ncia profissional e que explora as MAs de ensino-aprendizagem; e na segunda, apresenta-se a problematiza&#231;&#227;o sobre a experi&#234;ncia vivenciada, discutida a partir da literatura nacional e internacional vigente.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Planejamento e implementa&#231;&#227;o dos temas no curr&#237;culo</title>
          <p>Em 2023, o curso de gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem de universidade estadual paulista iniciou novo curr&#237;culo, integrado e orientado por quatro &#225;reas de compet&#234;ncia profissional (cuidado individual em sa&#250;de, cuidado coletivo em sa&#250;de, gest&#227;o e gerenciamento, e educa&#231;&#227;o e pesquisa), buscando construir s&#243;lido alicerce para a forma&#231;&#227;o de profissionais de enfermagem preparados n&#227;o apenas para desafios t&#233;cnicos, mas tamb&#233;m para a abordagem de quest&#245;es globais emergentes. O processo de reestrutura&#231;&#227;o curricular, que teve in&#237;cio em 2017, contou com a colabora&#231;&#227;o de todos os professores envolvidos no curso, como discentes, egressos e enfermeiros de diferentes cen&#225;rios de pr&#225;tica, em clara abordagem coletiva, evidenciando o compromisso com uma forma&#231;&#227;o mais hol&#237;stica.</p>
          <p>Cada &#225;rea de compet&#234;ncia &#233; composta por Unidades Curriculares (UCs) que, por sua vez, s&#227;o formatadas por uma matriz de compet&#234;ncia, dispositivo esquem&#225;tico que organiza, de forma inter-relacionada, as a&#231;&#245;es-chave, prop&#243;sitos, principais a&#231;&#245;es educacionais, desempenhos esperados, semestre letivo de implementa&#231;&#227;o, e conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes a serem alcan&#231;ados.</p>
          <p>No presente relato, destacam-se a &#225;rea de compet&#234;ncia do cuidado coletivo em sa&#250;de e a UC necessidades de sa&#250;de do coletivo a partir do territ&#243;rio e em perspectiva global, desenvolvida no primeiro semestre do primeiro ano a partir dos seguintes blocos tem&#225;ticos: 1 - Introdu&#231;&#227;o ao campo de sa&#250;de coletiva; 2 - Intera&#231;&#227;o universidade-servi&#231;o-comunidade; 3 - Concep&#231;&#245;es do processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a, modelos conceituais e necessidades de sa&#250;de; 4 - Uso das bases de dados no diagn&#243;stico de sa&#250;de da comunidade; 5 - Modelos conceituais do processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a com enfoque na determina&#231;&#227;o social; 6 - Sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas, impacto na sa&#250;de e ODS; 7 - Sa&#250;de, meio ambiente e sustentabilidade; e 8 - Intera&#231;&#227;o homem, meio ambiente e processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a.</p>
          <p>Pelo exposto, os tr&#234;s &#250;ltimos blocos desta UC, que &#233; voltada ao cuidado coletivo, est&#227;o ligados &#224; sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e aos ODS, evidenciando a vis&#227;o abrangente do curr&#237;culo, ao reconhecer a interdepend&#234;ncia entre sa&#250;de e condi&#231;&#245;es do planeta. N&#227;o se trata apenas de t&#243;picos de estudo, mas sim constitui convite para que todos os envolvidos reavaliem seus padr&#245;es de pensamento e a&#231;&#245;es, buscando a inser&#231;&#227;o pessoal harm&#244;nica no planeta. A seguir, s&#227;o apresentados os blocos com mais detalhes, bem como s&#237;ntese relativa aos objetivos e conte&#250;dos abordados (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Quadro 1</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="t2">
            <label>Quadro 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Objetivos e conte&#250;dos abordados nos blocos que compuseram as tem&#225;ticas sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel, 2024</title>
            </caption>
            <table>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Bloco</th>
                  <th align="center">Objetivos</th>
                  <th align="center">Conte&#250;do</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">1 - Sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas, impacto na sa&#250;de e ODS</td>
                  <td align="center">Relacionar os impactos do meio ambiente e das mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas na sa&#250;de humana;<break/>Reconhecer a import&#226;ncia da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS.</td>
                  <td align="center">Impactos do meio ambiente na sa&#250;de humana: sa&#250;de ambiental e planet&#225;ria;<break/>Mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas e impactos na sa&#250;de;<break/>Os ODS e educa&#231;&#227;o ambiental em sa&#250;de. </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">2 - Sa&#250;de, meio ambiente e sustentabilidade</td>
                  <td align="center">Classificar hospitais e servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de sustent&#225;veis;<break/>Reconhecer os diversos tipos de res&#237;duos s&#243;lidos e como deve se proceder com cada um, desde a coleta at&#233; o destino final (segrega&#231;&#227;o e descarte);<break/>Identificar aspectos relevantes sobre a gera&#231;&#227;o de res&#237;duos a serem considerados ap&#243;s a compra de produtos a serem usados em servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de.</td>
                  <td align="center">Conceitos e objetivos de hospitais e servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de sustent&#225;veis; <break/>Tipos de res&#237;duos s&#243;lidos e seu processamento;<break/>Compra de produtos, gera&#231;&#227;o de res&#237;duos, segrega&#231;&#227;o e descarte.</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">3 - Intera&#231;&#227;o homem, meio ambiente e processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a</td>
                  <td align="center">Identificar situa&#231;&#245;es ambientais que influenciam o processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a da comunidade.</td>
                  <td align="center">Determinantes socioambientais no processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a.</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>O bloco 1 (sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas, impacto na sa&#250;de e ODS) teve como estrat&#233;gia de ensino a espiral construtivista (EC)<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>)</sup>. Assim, evidencia-se o compromisso institucional de cultivar nos estudantes habilidades e atitudes criativas e de busca da constru&#231;&#227;o do pr&#243;prio conhecimento, em detrimento do aprendizado baseado na transmiss&#227;o de informa&#231;&#245;es. Foi desenvolvida em tr&#234;s pequenos grupos, com dez alunos e um facilitador em cada. O disparador utilizado foi uma situa&#231;&#227;o problema fict&#237;cia, constru&#237;da pelas docentes da disciplina e validada por especialista em MAs de ensino.</p>
          <p>A intencionalidade desta estrat&#233;gia foi que os estudantes reconhecessem a import&#226;ncia da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e dos ODS e relacionassem os impactos do meio ambiente e das mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas na sa&#250;de.</p>
          <p>O bloco 2 (sa&#250;de, meio ambiente e sustentabilidade) tamb&#233;m utilizou a EC em pequenos grupos<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>)</sup>, mas teve duas reportagens ver&#237;dicas como disparadores: uma sobre lixo mal descartado em aterros e lix&#245;es; e outra sobre a den&#250;ncia de catadores em rela&#231;&#227;o ao descarte incorreto de material hospitalar. De forma complementar, foram realizadas visitas t&#233;cnicas &#224; cooperativa de agentes ambientais, local onde s&#227;o realizadas a segrega&#231;&#227;o e reciclagem de res&#237;duos de munic&#237;pio paulista de m&#233;dio porte, e ao n&#250;cleo de higieniza&#231;&#227;o de um hospital universit&#225;rio p&#250;blico, o que evidencia a valoriza&#231;&#227;o da aplica&#231;&#227;o do conhecimento em contextos do mundo real, transcendendo a sala de aula.</p>
          <p>Nesse caso, a intencionalidade foi estimular os estudantes a: refletirem sobre a import&#226;ncia da implementa&#231;&#227;o de a&#231;&#245;es para reduzir os impactos das pr&#225;ticas de sa&#250;de e enfermagem ao meio ambiente; reconhecerem os diversos tipos de res&#237;duos s&#243;lidos e seu processamento, desde a coleta at&#233; o destino final (segrega&#231;&#227;o e descarte); classificarem hospitais e servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de sustent&#225;veis; identificarem aspectos relevantes sobre a gera&#231;&#227;o de res&#237;duos e que precisam ser considerados ap&#243;s a compra de produtos a serem usados em servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de e como desenvolver atitudes sustent&#225;veis em diferentes oportunidades acad&#234;micas.</p>
          <p>No bloco 3 (intera&#231;&#227;o homem, meio ambiente e processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a), diferentes estrat&#233;gias de ensino foram utilizadas: viagem educacional<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>)</sup>, com a exposi&#231;&#227;o da vers&#227;o reduzida do filme <italic>O come&#231;o da vida</italic>, que teve a intencionalidade de provocar sentimentos e reflex&#245;es em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; conex&#227;o com a natureza na primeira inf&#226;ncia e repercuss&#245;es na vida adulta; aprendizagem baseada em equipes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>)</sup>, para abordagem te&#243;rica de conceitos essenciais; visita &#224; Escola do Meio Ambiente (EMA) do munic&#237;pio onde a universidade est&#225; inserida; e posterior elabora&#231;&#227;o e compartilhamento de narrativa focada na viv&#234;ncia, al&#233;m de conversa com especialista, para discuss&#227;o de eventuais d&#250;vidas ou aprofundamento de temas relativos ao bloco, de forma a enriquecer a forma&#231;&#227;o dos estudantes.</p>
          <p>Destaca-se que a EMA &#233; uma escola municipal que visa, a partir de metodologia espec&#237;fica, sensibilizar para a percep&#231;&#227;o de conex&#227;o com a natureza, suas particularidades e biodiversidade. Durante a visita, diferentes profissionais da EMA interagiram com os estudantes, contribuindo para o entendimento da inter-rela&#231;&#227;o entre meio ambiente e bem-estar, bem como para a sensibiliza&#231;&#227;o com rela&#231;&#227;o ao cuidado do planeta.</p>
          <p>Neste bloco, a intencionalidade foi que os estudantes conseguissem identificar situa&#231;&#245;es ambientais que influenciam o processo de sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a do indiv&#237;duo e da comunidade, al&#233;m de perceber a conex&#227;o com a natureza como atividade prescritiva ao cuidado respons&#225;vel e sustent&#225;vel.</p>
          <p>O processo avaliativo dos tr&#234;s blocos descritos foi abrangente e composto por duas avalia&#231;&#245;es atitudinais e uma avalia&#231;&#227;o cognitiva, demonstrando a preocupa&#231;&#227;o genu&#237;na com o desenvolvimento integral dos estudantes. As avalia&#231;&#245;es atitudinais foram realizadas a partir de instrumento elaborado pelo grupo gestor de implanta&#231;&#227;o do curr&#237;culo, considerando as diferentes estrat&#233;gias de ensino utilizadas, visando avaliar o desempenho do aluno no sentido de aprender a aprender. Para a avalia&#231;&#227;o cognitiva, optou-se pela prova escrita, elaborada em formato aplicado &#224; realidade, sendo utilizado como disparador para as quest&#245;es sobre o VI Relat&#243;rio Luz da Sociedade Civil da Agenda 2030 de Desenvolvimento Sustent&#225;vel Brasil, divulgado em 2022, trazendo mais uma vez a discuss&#227;o deste desafio contempor&#226;neo &#224; forma&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem. Dessa forma, as facilitadoras puderam identificar o conhecimento, habilidade e atitude desenvolvidos durante o semestre, alinhados &#224;s intencionalidades de cada bloco.</p>
          <p>Por fim, ao final do semestre, foi destinada uma semana para atividades intraunidades, visando integrar o conte&#250;do de cada UC e outras duas semanas para atividades interunidades, voltadas &#224; integra&#231;&#227;o das diferentes UCs daquele semestre. Dessa forma, na semana intraunidade, buscou-se integrar todo conte&#250;do da UC a partir de conversas com especialistas da &#225;rea da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, e na semana interunidades, prop&#244;s-se atividade de observa&#231;&#227;o dos espa&#231;os do <italic>campus</italic>. Tal observa&#231;&#227;o teve como base roteiro elaborado pelos pr&#243;prios alunos, ap&#243;s participarem de discuss&#227;o com um membro da Comiss&#227;o Local de Acessibilidade e Inclus&#227;o. Consistiu na abordagem de aspectos relacionados &#224; acessibilidade, seguran&#231;a e meio ambiente, integrando a unidade que est&#225; sendo relatada &#224;s outras tr&#234;s desenvolvidas no semestre: processo de ensino-aprendizagem do enfermeiro; necessidades de sa&#250;de do indiv&#237;duo; e enfermagem como profiss&#227;o da sa&#250;de e pr&#225;tica de cuidar.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Problematiza&#231;&#227;o sobre a experi&#234;ncia vivenciada</title>
          <p>A inser&#231;&#227;o das tem&#225;ticas relativas &#224; sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS no ensino de gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem representa passo importante na dire&#231;&#227;o de uma forma&#231;&#227;o mais abrangente e alinhada aos desafios globais atuais. Essa abordagem transcende o escopo tradicional da forma&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem, reconhecendo a interconex&#227;o vital entre sa&#250;de, ambiente e sustentabilidade do planeta.</p>
          <p>Os estudantes s&#227;o desafiados a reconhecer como os fatores ambientais impactam a sa&#250;de das pessoas e comunidades, a refletir sobre as implica&#231;&#245;es das a&#231;&#245;es humanas no meio ambiente e a assumir postura proativa na busca por solu&#231;&#245;es sustent&#225;veis, de forma a contribuir com a preserva&#231;&#227;o do meio ambiente, com o bem-estar das futuras gera&#231;&#245;es e constru&#231;&#227;o de um mundo mais equitativo e saud&#225;vel. Ao contemplar quest&#245;es de relev&#226;ncia global, como mudan&#231;as clim&#225;ticas e gest&#227;o de res&#237;duos, e integrar os ODS no curr&#237;culo voltado &#224; forma&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro, evidencia-se a inten&#231;&#227;o de formar profissional comprometido n&#227;o apenas com o tratamento de doen&#231;as, mas com a promo&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de em seu sentido mais amplo.</p>
          <p>Nesse contexto, pode-se afirmar que o curr&#237;culo em desenvolvimento avan&#231;a ao promover discuss&#245;es relevantes sobre sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS. Tanto a literatura nacional<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>)</sup> quanto a internacional<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>)</sup> trazem a urg&#234;ncia da enfermagem estar apropriada da interlocu&#231;&#227;o da sua pr&#225;tica com os ODS. Quanto &#224; sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria, a produ&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica ainda &#233; escassa, n&#227;o s&#243; quando se consideram relatos de pesquisas, mas tamb&#233;m reflex&#245;es e editoriais. Dessa forma, percebe-se um hiato de publica&#231;&#245;es, especialmente sobre a inclus&#227;o dessa tem&#225;tica nas Institui&#231;&#245;es de Ensino Superior, apesar de a sa&#250;de ambiental poder estar presente em projetos pedag&#243;gicos de cursos de enfermagem de algumas institui&#231;&#245;es brasileiras.</p>
          <p>Foi poss&#237;vel encontrar um artigo que relata a experi&#234;ncia de universidade federal ao trabalhar a tem&#225;tica utilizando MAs. Neste caso, o foco esteve na promo&#231;&#227;o de reflex&#227;o sobre a prote&#231;&#227;o do ecossistema no cuidado do indiv&#237;duo e da coletividade<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>)</sup>. Assim como apreendido da experi&#234;ncia aqui relatada, os autores apontam que abordar a sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria no ensino em sa&#250;de transcende a percep&#231;&#227;o de sa&#250;de e doen&#231;a como aspectos isolados, e faz repensar o contexto, em sua forma mais abrangente, envolvido nesse processo. Consideram ser essa transcend&#234;ncia necess&#225;ria em todos os seguimentos, em especial nos setores promotores da forma&#231;&#227;o e educa&#231;&#227;o, e reconhecem como priorit&#225;ria a interconex&#227;o entre a sa&#250;de humana, animal, ambiental e, consequentemente, dos ecossistemas.</p>
          <p>Diante da enorme crise ambiental planet&#225;ria vivenciada na atualidade, reflex&#245;es v&#234;m acontecendo em institui&#231;&#245;es de ensino sobre a import&#226;ncia da abordagem desta tem&#225;tica na educa&#231;&#227;o, explorando sua transdisciplinaridade, mas a inser&#231;&#227;o efetiva nos curr&#237;culos &#233; ainda incipiente. Dessa maneira, a experi&#234;ncia curricular aqui relatada deve ser valorizada, visto que avan&#231;a ao abordar a sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS de forma integrada &#224; discuss&#227;o da determina&#231;&#227;o social, das desigualdades estruturais e interseccionalidades. Conforme salientado no Guia sobre Sa&#250;de Planet&#225;ria (<italic>A framework to guide planetary health education</italic>)<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>)</sup>, futuros profissionais t&#234;m possibilidade de redirecionar o trajeto de institui&#231;&#245;es de diversas naturezas, como da sa&#250;de, educa&#231;&#227;o e pol&#237;tica, que reproduzem as desigualdades e, consequentemente, repercutem nas condi&#231;&#245;es de vida do planeta.</p>
          <p>Globalmente, h&#225; um grupo de pesquisadores no campo da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria que ainda enfrenta diversos desafios, no sentido de implementar a&#231;&#245;es de sustentabilidade humana e, consequentemente, da transforma&#231;&#227;o do antropoceno. A complexidade da quest&#227;o demanda diversas a&#231;&#245;es para vencer os desafios que se imp&#245;em, sendo uma delas a inclus&#227;o da tem&#225;tica nos curr&#237;culos de Institui&#231;&#245;es de Ensino Superior, com o uso de metodologias que proporcionem olhar cr&#237;tico e transformador da realidade. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a pot&#234;ncia da forma&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro, visto a amplitude de sua atua&#231;&#227;o e representa&#231;&#227;o. Logo, a presente reflex&#227;o configura uma dessas a&#231;&#245;es.</p>
          <p>Nesse contexto, destaca-se tanto a import&#226;ncia da tem&#225;tica para a forma&#231;&#227;o profissional quanto a escassez de estudos que abordem a situa&#231;&#227;o brasileira. A possibilidade de refletir sobre o cen&#225;rio nacional atual, onde intensos desafios ambientais s&#227;o enfrentados, refor&#231;a a necessidade de preparar enfermeiros que possam atuar, de forma eficaz e &#233;tica, em um mundo cada vez mais afetado por crises ambientais. Portanto, incorporar a sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria na educa&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem &#233; urgente, por contribuir com a forma&#231;&#227;o de profissionais capacitados para enfrentar os complexos desafios do Brasil contempor&#226;neo e contribuir para um futuro mais saud&#225;vel e sustent&#225;vel.</p>
          <p>&#201; fundamental elucidar que o processo para colocar esta viv&#234;ncia em pr&#225;tica enfrentou obst&#225;culos pass&#237;veis de supera&#231;&#227;o, sendo o principal a dificuldade de os estudantes aceitarem o uso de MAs, conforme proposto, uma vez que s&#227;o egressos, de forma un&#226;nime, de modelo de forma&#231;&#227;o que visava transmitir o conhecimento de forma tradicional. As facilitadoras, autoras deste artigo, mantiveram-se firmes com essa proposta inovadora, especialmente nos momentos iniciais, que foram os mais cr&#237;ticos. Ao longo do processo, por&#233;m, houve a compreens&#227;o e o envolvimento dos estudantes com as citadas metodologias, ao mesmo tempo em que perceberam a relev&#226;ncia da tem&#225;tica estudada.</p>
          <p>Por fim, aponta-se como desafio futuro manter a sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e os ODS de forma transdisciplinar nas UCs dos pr&#243;ximos anos do curso. Para tanto, as docentes envolvidas com o presente relato t&#234;m o importante papel de divulgar essa experi&#234;ncia e seus resultados positivos, de forma a fazer com que outros docentes e estudantes se engajem com essa proposta.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>CONSIDERA&#199;&#213;ES FINAIS</title>
        <p>Este texto relata a experi&#234;ncia de trabalhar as tem&#225;ticas de sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e ODS no ensino de gradua&#231;&#227;o de enfermagem com o uso de MAs, problem&#225;tica com abordagem insipiente na literatura cient&#237;fica nacional e internacional. Acredita-se que, a partir desta reflex&#227;o, as Institui&#231;&#245;es de Ensino Superior em geral e, especificamente, na &#225;rea da enfermagem, possam ser mobilizadas, tanto para olhar o ensino no contexto da sa&#250;de planet&#225;ria e dos ODS quanto para desenvolverem pesquisas que envolvam esses temas no ensino e sua influ&#234;ncia na pr&#225;tica em sa&#250;de.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <label>FOMENTO</label>
          <p>Ao Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de Coletiva da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Faculdade de Medicina, Botucatu, pelo apoio &#224; publica&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
