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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rev Bras Enferm</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">reben</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev. Bras. Enferm.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0034-7167</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1984-0446</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Associa&#231;&#227;o Brasileira de Enfermagem</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">vjG7hMfRR3DKdKcBGbVx8rs</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0034-71672022000400187</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0118</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00187</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Almanac for preventing the use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents: construction and validity</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
          <trans-title>Almanaque para la prevenci&#243;n del uso de alcohol y otras drogas entre adolescentes: construcci&#243;n y validaci&#243;n</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7258-5402</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Mikaelle Ysis da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9978-2994</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Partelli</surname>
            <given-names>Adriana Nunes Moraes</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">II</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8105-4286</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Joseph Dimas de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1335-5487</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lopes</surname>
            <given-names>Maria do Socorro Vieira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3862-8536</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Moreira</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Regil&#226;nia Lopes</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9382-1144</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>&#193;lissan Karine Lima</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>I</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Regional do Cariri</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Crato</city>
          <state>Cear&#225;</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Regional do Cariri. Crato, Cear&#225;, Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>II</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Esp&#237;rito Santo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>S&#227;o Mateus</city>
          <state>Esp&#237;rito Santo</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Esp&#237;rito Santo. S&#227;o Mateus, Esp&#237;rito Santo, Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Corresponding author:</bold> Mikaelle Ysis da Silva E-mail: <email>mikaelleysis02@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>EDITOR IN CHIEF: Antonio Jos&#233; de Almeida Filho</p>
          <p>ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Hugo Fernandes</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>23</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>75</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20220118</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>ABSTRACT</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objectives:</title>
          <p>to build and validate an almanac to prevent the use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>a methodological study, based on the adaptation of Echer&#8217;s stages and on Culture Circles. The Content Validity Index and the Concordance Index were used for validity.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>problematization in Culture Circles and literature review supported the elaboration of an almanac. In validity with eleven health judges, the material obtained a global Content Validity Index of 0.73 in the first version and 0.84 in the second version, with validation with five judges. In terms of concordance, the 95% value was obtained with four technical judges and 86.2% with nine participants from the target audience.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusions:</title>
          <p>the constructed and validated almanac has playful, dialogic and problematizing potential.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">
        <title>RESUMEN</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivos:</title>
          <p>construir y validar un almanaque para la prevenci&#243;n del uso de alcohol y otras drogas entre los adolescentes.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>estudio metodol&#243;gico, basado en la adaptaci&#243;n de las etapas de Echer y en la realizaci&#243;n de C&#237;rculos de Cultura. Para la validaci&#243;n se utilizaron el &#205;ndice de Validez de Contenido y el &#205;ndice de Concordancia.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>la problematizaci&#243;n en los C&#237;rculos de Cultura y la revisi&#243;n bibliogr&#225;fica apoyaron la elaboraci&#243;n del almanaque. En la validaci&#243;n con once jueces de salud, el material obtuvo un &#205;ndice de Validez de Contenido global de 0,73 en la primera versi&#243;n y de 0,84 en la segunda versi&#243;n, con validaci&#243;n con cinco jueces. En t&#233;rminos de acuerdo, el valor del 95% se obtuvo con cuatro jueces t&#233;cnicos y el 86,2% con nueve participantes del p&#250;blico objetivo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusiones:</title>
          <p>el almanaque construido y validado tiene un potencial l&#250;dico, dial&#243;gico y problematizador.</p>
        </sec>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Descriptors:</title>
        <kwd>Adolescent</kwd>
        <kwd>Validation Study</kwd>
        <kwd>Health Education</kwd>
        <kwd>Educational and Promotional Materials</kwd>
        <kwd>Nursing</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
        <title>Descriptores:</title>
        <kwd>Adolescente</kwd>
        <kwd>Estudio de Validaci&#243;n</kwd>
        <kwd>Educaci&#243;n en Salud</kwd>
        <kwd>Materiales Educativos y de Divulgaci&#243;n</kwd>
        <kwd>Enfermer&#237;a</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>INTRODUCTION</title>
      <p>Adolescents, a population group that demands new ways of producing health, have an apparently healthy life cycle, and health problems, for the most part, are caused by lifestyle habits and behaviors, which, in certain contexts, leave the vulnerable, which may predispose to the initiation of alcohol or other drugs<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>According to the Brazilian National School Health Survey (PeNSE - <italic>Pesquisa Nacional de Sa&#250;de do Escolar),</italic> 55.5% of students in the 9<sup>th</sup> year of elementary school had already tried alcoholic beverages, 9.0% of them reported having used illicit drugs and 7.3% had already problems with family or friends, skipped school, or got into fights because they had been drinking alcohol<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Considering real data and the vulnerabilities to which adolescents are exposed, the need for assistance from the perspective of comprehensiveness is highlighted. Therefore, the most efficient way to face the problem refers to the development of preventive health actions, with the inclusion of adolescents in the increase of these, making them protagonists of care<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>However, in the practice of health education, there is still a predominance of banking methods, such as the lecture, a moment focused on clinical, individual and curative practice<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>)</sup>. Given this limitation, educational technologies (ET) stand out as an innovative means, which corroborate the strengthening of health education actions.</p>
      <p>Considering the possibilities of NT, educational materials are emphasized, in which nursing has stood out in the development of these, aimed at adolescents<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>From an integrative review, which identified ET developed, validated and/or applied to promote adolescents&#8217; health, it was noticed a predominance of educational materials focused on sexual and reproductive health, giving incipience in the area of prevention of use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Thus, it is necessary to develop materials of this nature. The relevance of an almanac in the comic book format is emphasized here, with the potential for use in dialogic education environments, with the aim of promoting the reflection of practices through the playful and critical character<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>In view of these considerations, the following question emerged: what elements should be included in the development of an almanac aimed at preventing the use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents?</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>OBJECTIVES</title>
      <p>To build and validate an almanac to prevent the use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>METHODS</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Ethical aspects</title>
        <p>The research is part of a broader project, submitted and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the <italic>Universidade Regional do Cariri</italic> (REC/URCA), guided by ethical principles<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Study design, period and place</title>
        <p>This is methodological research, developed between March 2019 and February 2020, part of a dissertation entitled &#8220;<italic>Desenvolvimento de almanaque educativo para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e outras drogas entre adolescentes</italic>&#8221;. The research followed the reference of studies to improve health care quality<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>The almanac development was guided through adapted steps<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>)</sup>, namely: project elaboration for material construction and submission to REC; Search in the specialized literature of scientific knowledge and Culture Circles; Language transformation, with the almanac construction; and Material qualification, with validity with experts and the target audience.</p>
        <p>The research was developed in a municipality of Cear&#225;, located in the Cariri region, in a public high school institution, part of an extension project entitled &#8220;<italic>Preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de drogas no ambiente escolar: uma abordagem para educadores e educandos de escolas p&#250;blicas</italic>&#8221;, which has the Culture Circles as its main method. The aforementioned extension project has the URCA as a proposing institution, through the nursing course.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Population or sample; inclusion and exclusion criteria</title>
        <p>For the participation of Culture Circles (step two of almanac construction), participants were selected by intentional sampling. Adolescents with regular participation in the extension project&#8217;s Culture Circles, belonging to the second year of high school class, were included. Therefore, 12 adolescents participated, aged between 15 and 18 years, seven males and five females.</p>
        <p>In the almanac validity stage, 11 health judges participated (nurse, physical education professional, doctor, nutritionist, psychologist and social worker), four technical judges from the comic book area (with training in fine arts, social communication and fine arts) and nine adolescents belonging to the target audience.</p>
        <p>The selection of health judges and technicians took place through snowball sampling. The search and selection of these were carried out by a resume platform, <italic>Plataforma Lattes</italic>. As for the selection of the first group of judges, health professionals, the inclusion criterion referred to work in the areas of adolescent mental health and/or health. Those who did not obtain the minimum score of five points from the selection criteria of the adapted classification system were excluded<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>)</sup>. As for the selection of technical judges, it was defined as an inclusion criterion to be judges with experience in comics. Professionals who did not obtain the minimum score of five points from the selection criteria developed by the study authors, which included academic training, scientific production and professional experience were excluded.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Study protocol</title>
        <p>To bring the development of educational material closer to a dialogic perspective, almanac knowledge production took place through Culture Circles with school adolescents from a public education institution.</p>
        <p>Three Culture Circles were held. The first moment involved the discovery of vocabulary universe and the identification of generating themes; the second emphasized thematization and problematization; and the third, reflection focusing on action-reflection-action. The three moments lasted, on average, 40 minutes, took place in the afternoon at the aforementioned educational institution for the students and involved the participation of 12 adolescents.</p>
        <p>After analyzing the material resulting from these Circles and literary immersion of the literary contribution on the problem, the script, storyboard and image and almanac diagramming followed, with the support of a professional comic artist.</p>
        <p>For the script development, the comic of a previous study<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>)</sup> and the analysis of Culture Circle moments were considered. Subsequently, the data were corroborated with the scientific literature in order to share secure knowledge, involving scientific and popular knowledge.</p>
        <p>In the stage of appearance validity content with health judges, they were invited by an invitation letter via email, sent to 29 judges, containing link availability to access the assessment questionnaire on Google Forms&#174; and the attached almanac. Only eleven responded to the e-mail sent, agreeing to participate in the process by expressing interest through the &#8220;ACCEPT&#8221; ending of ICF, sent electronically.</p>
        <p>Thus, the validity process of the almanac&#8217;s first version began with 11 health judges, with a total period of 60 days for returning the material.</p>
        <p>After the reformulations suggested by health judges, the second version of the almanac was obtained, which was sent to 15 technical judges. For this, a period of ten days was established for returning the material, with an extension for another seven days, as necessary. It is reinforced that only four technical judges participated in the validity process.</p>
        <p>The educational almanac, after reformulations based on technical and health judges&#8217; considerations, moved on to its third version. Afterwards, he returned to the group of health judges for material appreciation/assessment according to considerations outlined in previous steps. Finally, the appearance validity was carried out with the target audience, with nine school adolescents in the educational institution.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Analysis of results</title>
        <p>For the analysis of data from Culture Circles, in order to identify the meanings expressed, we used triangulation. Then, we proceeded to description of each circle, from the perspective of participant observation, analysis of logbook records and assessment of photographs and videos. Subsequently, there was a description and analysis of these elements with the relevant literature<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>In the description of adolescents&#8217; speeches, in order to preserve their identity, it was decided to identify them according to the name of Marvel heroes.</p>
        <p>For content validity by health judges, an adapted instrument was adopted<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>)</sup>, with judgments as to content, writing, illustration, appearance, motivation, and cultural appropriateness.</p>
        <p>In appearance validity by technical judges, the adapted instrument was used, which included items regarding image characteristics, understanding, size, quantity, colors, shapes, harmony, logical visual narrative, relevance and attractiveness<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>)</sup>. With the target audience, an adapted instrument was used that includes items regarding organization, writing style, appearance and motivation<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>The Content Validity Index (CVI) was used in the content and appearance validity process by health judges, with a Likert-type scale with the following responses: (1) Do not agree; (2) Partially agree; (3) No not agree nor disagree; (4) Agree more than I disagree; (5) Totally agree. The items, the domain and the instrument as a whole should have a CVI greater than or equal to 0.78<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>To calculate the CVI, the number of items assessed as relevant by judges was considered &#8211; marked with scores (4) or (5) &#8211; and divided by the total number of items in the instrument<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>)</sup>. The items marked as (1), (2) or (3) should be excluded or revised, according to evaluators&#8217; guidelines<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>In the analysis of validity with technical judges and adolescents, the Concordance Index (CI) was used, which divides the number of participants who agree with the item by the total number of participants and multiplies it by one hundred. To establish a valid score, there must be a minimum of 75% of positive responses marked<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>RESULTS</title>
      <p>The results are described in three categories: a) Culture Circles to prevent the use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents; b) Description of the educational technology built; c) Educational technology validity.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Culture Circles to prevent the use of alcohol and other drugs among adolescents</title>
        <p>In the stage of discovering the vocabulary universe, adolescents were worried about the problematized theme verbalized phrases such as:</p>
        <disp-quote>
          <p><italic>Say no to drugs.</italic> (Captain America)</p>
          <p><italic>Not to destroy the family.</italic> (Captain Marvel)</p>
          <p><italic>Be conscious.</italic> (Elektra)</p>
          <p><italic>#notodrugs</italic> (Spider-Man)</p>
          <p><italic>Family fights.</italic> (Scarlet Witch)</p>
        </disp-quote>
        <p>Still in this stage, a graphic animation of free interpretation was used, but with an intrinsic relationship with the questions about the phenomenon of using of alcohol and other drugs. The analyzes by adolescents were:</p>
        <disp-quote>
          <p><italic>There are people who say they use</italic> [alcohol and other drugs] <italic>to forget about their problems</italic> [...]. <italic>He used it to forget about the problems he had</italic> (Captain Marvel)</p>
          <p><italic>From the first use of it, he found it interesting. Over the time he was using it, he became addicted, until there came a time in his life when he couldn&#8217;t take anything anymore, he was weakened</italic> [...]. (Wolverine)</p>
        </disp-quote>
        <p>Through the reports and discussions, generating themes could be identified: use, abuse and addiction; types of licit and illicit drugs; effects of alcohol and other drug use and consequences.</p>
        <p>In the stage of thematization and problematization, a board game with questions and answers was used, as well as the strategy of dramatization by adolescents, generating dialogues that inspired the comics construction, namely:</p>
        <disp-quote>
          <p><italic>She went to buy the drug and he said, &#8220;darling, don&#8217;t buy that! Are you wasting your money on this? There&#8217;s a lot of cheap stuff.&#8221;</italic> [...] <italic>the person gets kind of like that, because they think &#8220;I&#8217;m spending money because of this?&#8221; So, I&#8217;m going to smoke just this once, because I bought it and it&#8217;s already been bought</italic> [...] <italic>so, I&#8217;m going to use it.</italic> (Elektra)</p>
          <p><italic>It was just selling agai.</italic> (Iron Man)</p>
          <p><italic>Then you&#8217;ll sell drugs and become a dealer?!</italic> (Elektra)</p>
        </disp-quote>
        <p>Still, in the staging strategy, there were reflections such as:</p>
        <disp-quote>
          <p><italic>History advises you to pay attention to your friendships</italic> [...]. <italic>Because, if you have this side here</italic> [drug side]<italic>, you want to take other people to this side, and you end up influencing your friends, right? And those who have no conscience</italic> [...], <italic>go and fall.</italic> (Human Torch)</p>
        </disp-quote>
        <p>Considering the observed discourse, it can infer situations experienced by adolescents, which may point to a proximity to the context of their lives in the face of the group&#8217;s behavior, the environment in which they are inserted and the factors that influence the use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs. This circle resulted in keyword identification: addiction, recreational use, protective factors and risk factors.</p>
        <p>Finally, in the third Circle, adolescents&#8217; reflection on the theme was proposed in the production of hobby-type elements. For instance, the construction of a word search engine and an image, represented by <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f1">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Illustrative representation by adolescents on the use of alcohol and other drugs, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brazil, 2019</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1984-0446-reben-75-03-e20220118-0118-gf01.tif"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>In order to assess the moment of Culture Circles, there were reflections on the problematized content. See below:</p>
        <disp-quote>
          <p><italic>It&#8217;s like a life lesson, right?! Because now we are all together here, then, over time, some of us here can stop studying, right?! Then want to use this, someone offer, then the caba is talking here</italic> [...], <italic>then the caba remembers</italic> [...]. (Captain America)</p>
        </disp-quote>
        <p>Health promotion moments through the pedagogical strategy of Culture Circles &#8211; which resulted in reflections, concerns and knowledge &#8211; enabled the construction of horizontal knowledge about the importance of preventing the use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescence. Since the playful and dialogical character is paramount to reach the attractiveness of adolescents, these moments contributed to structuring the educational almanac&#8217;s script from the language transformation process.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Description of educational technology built</title>
        <p>From the perspective of the possible elements that could constitute the almanac from what was identified in the literature and from the experiences with school adolescents, structured dialogues in comics, crosswords, information board, word search, string and riddle were part of ET. The analysis of Culture Circles material enabled the script organization , storyboard and layout.</p>
        <p>The educational almanac contains 21 pages, measuring 21x5cm, and was printed on bond paper, due to its flexibility and lower cost. The title &#8220;Prevention Almanac&#8221; seeks to attract the target audience and link to the aspect of prevention. The version is partially represented in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 2</xref>.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f2">
            <label>Figure 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Partial illustrative almanac representation, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brazil, 2020</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1984-0446-reben-75-03-e20220118-0118-gf02.tif"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>The first story, &#8220;Uncovering a hidden world,&#8221; highlights the use of drugs in the school environment. The plot was organized from the vocabulary universe identification stage keywords and inspired by a previous comic book<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>)</sup> regarding the character definition (ten adolescents, educator and director), scenario delimitation and scene structuring.</p>
        <p>In the second story, &#8220;A path to be traveled. Preventing without repressing&#8221;, emphasis is given to issues involving addiction, recreational use, protective factors and risk factors. The plot was organized through of these keywords, identified in the problematization and thematization of Culture Circles. In this story, a critical-reflexive production was elaborated with the purpose of sensitizing the public about essential aspects to prevention of the use of alcohol and other drugs. Therefore, it encompassed the construction of word search, crossword, information board, riddle and string, potential elements for attractiveness to the target audience, inspired by the image, word search and crosswords built by adolescents in Culture Circles.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Educational technology validity</title>
        <p>In content and appearance validity of ET, the almanac was assessed by eleven health judges in two cycles (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T1">Table 1</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="T1">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Content Validity Index Score in the almanac&#8217;s 1<sup>st</sup> version and 2<sup>nd</sup> version according to health judges&#8217; assessment, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brazil, 2019</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle">Assessment Items</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">n (N=11)</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">CVI</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">n (N=5)</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">CVI</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">1<sup>st</sup> version</th>
                <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">2<sup>nd</sup> version</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">1. Objectives/content</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.56)</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.90)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">1.1 Almanac contributes to the prevention of alcohol and other drug use</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.45</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">1.2 Almanac content is directly related to the prevention of alcohol and other drug use by adolescents</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.72</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">1.3 Content is adequate to achieve prevention of alcohol and other drug use by adolescents</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.45</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">1.4 Content addresses relevant topics for preventing the use of alcohol and other drugs by adolescents</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.63</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">2. Writing</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.69)</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.92)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">2.1 Almanac reading is easy to understand</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.72</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">2.2 Reading is clear and concise</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.63</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">2.3 Words used are common from day to day</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.81</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">2.4 There is concordance among information</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.72</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">2.5 Topics make reading easier to understand</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.54</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">3. Illustrations</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.93)</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.80)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">3.1 Images/figures contribute to understanding the information</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">10</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.90</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">3.2 Images/figures are suitable for material type</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">11</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">3.3 Images/figures are important</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">11</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">3.4 Images/figures contain clear information</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.81</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.60</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">4. Cephalic</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.95)</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.90)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">4.1 Overall appearance (cover and all other pages) is attractive and appropriate</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">10</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.90</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">4.2 Font size and type are adequate</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">11</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">5. Motivation</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.65)</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.75)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">5.1 The use of material provides interaction with other adolescents</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">10</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.90</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">5.2 Guidelines are clear and cite examples</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.63</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">5.3 Almanac causes behavior change</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.45</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.40</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">5.4 Almanac enables the acquisition of new knowledge</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.63</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">6. Cultural suitability</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.68)</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0.80)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">6.1 Almanac is an appropriate material for adolescents&#8217; reality of life</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.54</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.60</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">6.2 Almanac addresses information that is often present in adolescents&#8217; daily lives</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0.81</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">1.0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">OVERALL CVI</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle"><bold>1<sup>st</sup> version</bold> 0.73</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle"><bold>2<sup>nd</sup> version</bold> 0.84</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN1">
              <p>
                <italic>N &#8211; number of judges who participated in validity; n &#8211; number of judges who rated the item as &#8220;agree more than disagree&#8221; and &#8220;strongly agree&#8221;; CVI &#8211; Content Validity Index.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>As described, it is observed that, in the validity process of the first version, it was not possible to reach the minimum CVI score (0.78) of the items referring to objectives/content (1.1, 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4), writing (2.1, 2.2, 2.4 and 2.5), motivation (5.2, 5.3 and 5.4) and cultural adequacy (6.1), demonstrating that the material needed reformulations of these items. It is also noted that it was not possible to reach the minimum score of the overall CVI. On the other hand, CVI of 0.81 to 1.0 was achieved in all items of illustrations and presentation.</p>
        <p>Judges made suggestions and comments. The main suggestions involved the simplicity of language, such as the use of slang (judge 1), criticism of the non-establishment of information based on scientific sources (judges 2, 5 and 6), non-enlightening content (judges 2, 3 and 7) and compromising the sequence of dialogues (judges 3, 8, 9 and 11).</p>
        <p>Regarding the content, judges judged the description of the phenomenon based on common sense phrases as a non-viable means of achieving prevention. They reaffirmed the need to reformulate these sentences based on scientific claims, on the premise that prevention is achieved through access to information. Still, judges argued that the focus of the material should not stop with drugs (judges 3, 4, 5), but with social determinants (judge 3), accountability for choices and consequences of the act (judge 2), to encourage behavior change (judge 3).</p>
        <p>Among the requests, it was also suggested to name each character and link characteristics to them (judge 2), change the title of the almanac to &#8220;Prevent without repressing&#8221; (judge 1), differentiate recreational use from addiction (judge 2) and involve prevention responsibility for the choices (judge 2).</p>
        <p>Judges emphasized the importance of this material in the context of prevention as a tool with the potential to contribute to the discussions on drugs (judge 4), which triggers reflections (judge 5), makes approximation with the real context of adolescents with lightness when addressing the theme (judge 6), provides openness to dialogue (judges 6 and 11) and presents itself as an important technology for promoting adolescents&#8217; health (judge 9).</p>
        <p>After analyzing the comments and/or suggestions, the changes were made. The material was reformulated, and the second version was validated by five health judges. Regarding the CVI, a significant increase in the score in its items in its 2<sup>nd</sup> version is notorious, being, therefore, validated by health judges with a global CVI of 0.84, even with the exception of items 3.4, 5.3 and 6.1, which did not reach the minimum CVI and needed to be reconsidered. Also in this new version, the items of objectives, writing and presentation were all validated with excellence, with CVI ranging from 0.80 to 1.0.</p>
        <p>In appearance validity, there was the participation of four technical judges. According to assigned scores, CI was calculated (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T2">Table 2</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="T2">
          <label>Table 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Almanac appearance validity Concordance Index score by technical judges, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brazil, 2020</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left" valign="middle">Assessment Items</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">n (N=04)</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">CI*</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Image characteristics</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images are appropriate for the target audience</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images are clear and convey ease of understanding</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images are in proper quantity and size in the almanac</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images used are related to the almanac text and elucidate content</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images&#8217; colors and shapes are suitable for the type of material</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">75%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Image layout is in harmony with dialogue</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images help in the problematization of the theme and are in a logical visual narrative</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images help in changing behaviors and attitudes of the target audience</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">75%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Images are relevant to the understanding content by the target audience</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Cover and back cover are appropriate to the type of material and are attractive to the target audience</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Overall Concordance Index</td>
                <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">95%</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN2">
              <p>
                <italic>N &#8211; total number of technical judges; n &#8211; partial number of technical judges; *Concordance Index.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>It is observed that, of ten items assessed, only two of them reached the minimum score of 75%, and all others reached the maximum score. The overall CI reached 95%.</p>
        <p>The technical judges made comments and/or suggestions. With the modifications made to the material, the third version of the almanac was obtained.</p>
        <p>As for the item &#8220;images&#8217; colors and shapes&#8221;, judge 1 suggested coloring adolescents&#8217; uniforms and standardizing the balloons in white. Regarding the item on image appropriation for the target audience, judge 4 praised the style of the material as an appropriate medium for the audience. As for images&#8217; relevance for understanding the content, the same judge judged the illustrations as a facilitating means for understanding the message transmitted.</p>
        <p>There were also general comments, in which judges praised the importance of this work, in addition to classifying the reading as fast, informative, pleasant, clear, attractive and easily understood by the target audience.</p>
        <p>Finally, regarding ET appearance validity with the target audience (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T3">Table 3</xref>), nine adolescents participated.</p>
        <table-wrap id="T3">
          <label>Table 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Almanac appearance validity Concordance Index score by the target audience, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brazil, 2020</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left" valign="middle">Assessment Items</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">Yes (N=09)</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">No (N=09)</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">In part (N=09)</th>
                <th align="center" valign="middle">CI*</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Image characteristics</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Cover caught the attention</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">77.78%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Cover shows the subject to which it refers</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">66.67%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Topics have sequence</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Content size in the topics is adequate</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Writing style</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Sentences are easy to understand</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">There is an association between items and text</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Written content is clear</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">88.89%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Text is interesting</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">77.78%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Text is repetitive</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">00</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">77.78%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Appearance</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Illustrations are simple</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">55.56%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Illustrations are complicated</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Illustrations help for greater understanding of the text</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">88.89%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Illustrations make it difficult to understand the text</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Motivation</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">In your opinion, any adolescent who reads this material understands what it is about</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">You felt motivated to read all the way through</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">66.67%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">The material suggested thinking about your health in terms of not using alcohol and other drugs</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">77.78%</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" valign="middle">Overall Concordance Index</td>
                <td colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle">86.2%</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN3">
              <p>
                <italic>N &#8211; number of target audience evaluators; *Concordance Index.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>As demonstrated, it is possible to verify that the almanac in this type of validity reached an Overall CI of 86.2%, considering the material valid, despite lower CI values in items related to the relationship between cover and subject, the simplicity of illustrations and motivation criteria. All other items reached a minimum concordance score, and seven of them had a CI of 100%.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>DISCUSSION</title>
      <p>Among some points that stood out regarding the almanac elaboration, the intention to use the dialogue of adolescents in this construction is discussed. However, sentences were interpreted as common sense by health judges and, therefore, their use was criticized. But even so, the importance of considering existing knowledge to foster discussions is highlighted, as it understands the moment of education as a construction process. It is worth inferring the importance of correlating scientific knowledge with common sense for production and discussion of knowledge, in a complementary relationship. Common sense induces questions that, in turn, produce science<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Another point that should be highlighted concerns the focus of adolescents&#8217; dialogues on drugs, also criticized by health judges. In this emphasis, in a study that aimed to unveil the perception of students of basic education on drugs, it was found that adolescents&#8217; understanding of the drug problem places them at the center of the discussion, but, at the same time, they point to the need for measures that will decentralize drugs from the context in which they occur, so that correlated factors and actions can be glimpsed<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Therefore, traveling the path of comprehensiveness in health requires attention from care and educational services regarding adolescents&#8217; multiplicity of demands, so that professionals can promptly exercise health care and worry the public about the need for mental health car<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>In the ET validity process, changes guided by health judges stood out. It was possible to remove the drug from the central focus and discuss individual, family and/or social factors related to the problem. Thus, permeated by dialogues, prevention linked to responsibility for choices can be awakened. For this, the need for actions that encourage the participation of adolescents in their own care in the sphere of health promotion and prevention, related to the context of adolescents&#8217; lives, is highlighted<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>When considering some items judged in the validation, specifically in the objective items, the result was similar to the study that validated an educational booklet for overweight prevention in adolescents<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>, in which none of the items was judged as inadequate, reaching a CVI of 0.81 in this category. The objective items refer to what you want to achieve with the use of the almanac, involving criteria specific to content.</p>
      <p>In terms of illustration, one item did not reach the minimum index (3.4 Images/figures contain clear information). The flagging of this item as inappropriate was essential for the search for material readjustment and validity. In this sense, the importance of clarifying the information contained and/or the visual elements is emphasized, by expanding the field of communication between people, regardless of education level<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Regarding item 5.3, &#8220;Almanac causes behavior change&#8221;, of the motivation aspect, the CVI reached was 0.40, similar to the finding of the study, which validated an educational booklet to prevent excess weight in adolescents<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>, with CVI of 0.44. In this regard, it is worth highlighting the reflection of judges in this study, stating that the material alone would not be able to promote a change in attitude and behavior.</p>
      <p>In item 6.1, &#8220;Almanac is an appropriate material for adolescents&#8217; real life&#8221;, which belongs to the emphasis on cultural adequacy, the index reached was 0.60. In the previously mentioned study<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>, an equivalent item reached a score of 0.78, and this finding may be related to the limitations in the production of printed educational materials and their use with adolescents, considering the development of digital-type materials.</p>
      <p>Regarding assessment by technical judges, only two of the ten items assessed reached the minimum score of 75%, while the other items reached a score of 100%. There was a similar finding to this study, which validated a booklet to prevent excess weight in adolescents<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup> and the study that validated a booklet for metabolic syndrome prevention in adolescents<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</sup>. In these studies, in validity with technical judges, most items reached the maximum score, thus demonstrating relevance to the group of technical judges regarding the adequacy of the designer of educational materials produced.</p>
      <p>As for the target audience, the CI of the items ranged between 55.56% and 100%, similar to the study that validated a booklet for the prevention of overweight in adolescents whose validity with the target audience reached a score between 61.1% and 100%<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>. In this sense, it is worth discussing the items that obtained the lowest scores.</p>
      <p>With regard to the content presented, most adolescents considered it clear, corroborating the study that validated a booklet on sleep hygiene<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>)</sup>. Specifically, the criterion of motivation, some adolescents thought they were partially motivated to read the material until the end. This finding may be related to adolescents&#8217; restlessness to finish reading and leave the environment, demonstrating limitations in the public&#8217;s relations with the researcher at the time of instrument application<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Two other items that presented the lowest validity scores were &#8220;cover shows the subject to which it refers&#8221; and &#8220;illustrations are simple&#8221;. Two other items that presented the lowest validity scores were &#8220;cover shows the subject to which it refers&#8221; and &#8220;illustrations are simple&#8221;. Thus, the need to shed light on this finding is highlighted, as it highlights how important the process of judging the target audience is regarding the understanding of images and/or figures and the relevance of suggestions for improvement, in order to enhance the material and clarify the level of understanding<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>)</sup>.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Study limitations</title>
        <p>The limitations of this study refer to the participation of a limited number of adolescents, as well as technical judges and the target audience, in Culture Circles in a single scenario and single format of material reproduction. Therefore, studies are needed to publish the almanac in other formats (such as audiovisual and Braille versions), in order to promote accessibility, reproduce the material in media/social networks, in addition to applying ET to verify its effectiveness and feasibility in practice.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Contributions to nursing</title>
        <p>The implications for nursing involve the possibility of using a dialogic, playful material that proposes problematization, when used in health education activities, both in the school environment and in health services. As a consequence, concerns and reflections about strategies to prevent the use of alcohol and other drugs in adolescence through access to information are provoked. Still, it strengthens educational autonomy in the construction and validity of ET in nursing.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>CONCLUSIONS</title>
      <p>The educational almanac development responds to a need to produce ET for adolescents in the context of preventing the use of alcohol and other drugs. For this, the use of Culture Circles with public school adolescents was of paramount importance for material development. Validity involved different actors, reflecting on the development of a material aligned with the needs that justified this study. Therefore, according to data quantification, the material was validated, requiring adjustments regarding the items of motivation, illustration and cultural adequacy, which reached the lowest scores. However, these listed items should be revisited and enhanced.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
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          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">I</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>I</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Regional do Cariri. Crato, Cear&#225;, Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>II</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Esp&#237;rito Santo. S&#227;o Mateus, Esp&#237;rito Santo, Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Autor Correspondente:</bold> Mikaelle Ysis da Silva E-mail: <email>mikaelleysis02@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>EDITOR CHEFE: Antonio Jos&#233; de Almeida Filho</p>
          <p>EDITOR ASSOCIADO: Hugo Fernandes</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>RESUMO</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivos:</title>
          <p>construir e validar um almanaque para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e de outras drogas entre adolescentes.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>estudo metodol&#243;gico, pautado na adapta&#231;&#227;o das etapas de Echer e na realiza&#231;&#227;o dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura. Utilizaram-se o &#205;ndice de Validade de Conte&#250;do e o &#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia para valida&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>a problematiza&#231;&#227;o nos C&#237;rculos de Cultura e a revis&#227;o da literatura embasaram a elabora&#231;&#227;o do almanaque. Na valida&#231;&#227;o com onze ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, o material obteve &#205;ndice de Validade de Conte&#250;do global de 0,73 na primeira vers&#227;o e de 0,84 na segunda vers&#227;o, com a valida&#231;&#227;o junto a cinco ju&#237;zes. Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; concord&#226;ncia, obteve-se o valor de 95% com quatro ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos e de 86,2% com nove participantes do p&#250;blico-alvo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#245;es:</title>
          <p>o almanaque constru&#237;do e validado tem potencial l&#250;dico, dial&#243;gico e problematizador.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Descritores:</title>
        <kwd>Adolescente</kwd>
        <kwd>Estudo de Valida&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Educa&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de</kwd>
        <kwd>Materiais Educativos e de Divulga&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Enfermagem</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>INTRODU&#199;&#195;O</title>
        <p>Os adolescentes, grupo populacional que exige novas maneiras de produzir sa&#250;de, possuem um ciclo de vida aparentemente saud&#225;vel, e os agravos em sa&#250;de, em sua maioria, s&#227;o ocasionados pelos h&#225;bitos e comportamentos do estilo de vida, que, em determinados contextos, deixam os mesmos vulner&#225;veis, podendo predispor ao in&#237;cio experimental de &#225;lcool ou outras drogas<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Conforme a Pesquisa Nacional de Sa&#250;de do Escolar (PeNSE), 55,5% dos escolares do 9&#186; ano do ensino fundamental j&#225; haviam experimentado bebidas alco&#243;licas, 9,0% deles relataram j&#225; terem feito uso de drogas il&#237;citas e 7,3% j&#225; tiveram problemas com a fam&#237;lia ou amigos, faltaram aulas ou se envolveram em brigas porque haviam ingerido bebida alco&#243;lica<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Diante dos dados reais e das vulnerabilidades a que os adolescentes est&#227;o expostos, destaca-se a necessidade de uma assist&#234;ncia sob a &#243;tica da integralidade. Logo, a maneira mais eficiente de enfrentamento ao problema se refere ao desenvolvimento de a&#231;&#245;es preventivas em sa&#250;de, com a inclus&#227;o dos adolescentes no incremento dessas, tornando-os protagonistas do cuidado<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Entretanto, na pr&#225;tica da educa&#231;&#227;o em sa&#250;de, ainda h&#225; um predom&#237;nio de m&#233;todos banc&#225;rios, como a palestra, momento centrado na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica, individual e curativa<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>)</sup>. Diante dessa limita&#231;&#227;o, destacam-se as tecnologias educacionais (TE) como um meio inovador, que corroboram para o fortalecimento das a&#231;&#245;es de educa&#231;&#227;o em sa&#250;de.</p>
        <p>Considerando as possibilidades das TE, enfatizam-se os materiais educativos, em que a enfermagem tem se destacado no desenvolvimento desses com direcionamento aos adolescentes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A partir de revis&#227;o integrativa, que identificou TE desenvolvidas, validadas e/ou aplicadas para a promo&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de do p&#250;blico adolescente, percebeu-se predom&#237;nio de materiais educativos com enfoque na sa&#250;de sexual e reprodutiva, conferindo incipi&#234;ncia na &#225;rea da preven&#231;&#227;o do uso e abuso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Dessa forma, faz-se necess&#225;rio o desenvolvimento de materiais dessa natureza. Enfatiza-se aqui a pertin&#234;ncia do almanaque no formato de hist&#243;ria em quadrinho (HQ), com potencial para o uso em ambientes de educa&#231;&#227;o dial&#243;gica, com o des&#237;gnio de promover a reflex&#227;o de pr&#225;ticas por meio do car&#225;ter de l&#250;dico e cr&#237;tico<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Diante dessas considera&#231;&#245;es, surgiu como indaga&#231;&#227;o: quais elementos devem estar inclusos no desenvolvimento de um almanaque voltado &#224; preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e de outras drogas entre adolescentes?</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>OBJETIVOS</title>
        <p>Construir e validar um almanaque para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e de outras drogas entre adolescentes.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#201;TODOS</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Aspectos &#233;ticos</title>
          <p>A pesquisa integra um projeto mais amplo, submetido e aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica de Pesquisa da Universidade Regional do Cariri (CEP/URCA), conduzido pelos princ&#237;pios &#233;ticos<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Desenho, per&#237;odo e local do estudo</title>
          <p>Trata-se de uma pesquisa metodol&#243;gica, desenvolvida entre mar&#231;o de 2019 e fevereiro de 2020, recorte da disserta&#231;&#227;o &#8220;Desenvolvimento de almanaque educativo para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e outras drogas entre adolescentes&#8221;. A pesquisa seguiu o referencial de estudos para melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados em sa&#250;de<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>)</sup>.</p>
          <p>O desenvolvimento do almanaque se norteou atrav&#233;s de etapas adaptadas<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>)</sup>, a saber: Elabora&#231;&#227;o do projeto para constru&#231;&#227;o do material e submiss&#227;o ao CEP; Busca na literatura especializada do conhecimento cient&#237;fico e realiza&#231;&#227;o dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura; Transforma&#231;&#227;o da linguagem, com constru&#231;&#227;o do almanaque; e Qualifica&#231;&#227;o do material, com valida&#231;&#227;o junto aos especialistas e ao p&#250;blico-alvo.</p>
          <p>A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em um munic&#237;pio do Cear&#225;, localizado na regi&#227;o do Cariri, em uma institui&#231;&#227;o de ensino p&#250;blico, n&#237;vel m&#233;dio, integrante do projeto de extens&#227;o &#8220;Preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de drogas no ambiente escolar: uma abordagem para educadores e educandos de escolas p&#250;blicas&#8221;, que tem como m&#233;todo principal os C&#237;rculos de Cultura. O referido projeto de extens&#227;o tem como institui&#231;&#227;o proponente a URCA, por meio do curso de enfermagem.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Popula&#231;&#227;o ou amostra; crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e exclus&#227;o</title>
          <p>Para participa&#231;&#227;o dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura (etapa dois da constru&#231;&#227;o do almanaque), os participantes foram selecionados pela amostragem intencional. Inclu&#237;ram-se os adolescentes com participa&#231;&#227;o regular nos C&#237;rculos de Cultura do projeto de extens&#227;o, pertencentes &#224; turma do segundo ano do ensino m&#233;dio. Logo, participaram 12 adolescentes, com idades entre 15 e 18 anos, sendo sete do sexo masculino e cinco do sexo feminino.</p>
          <p>Na etapa de valida&#231;&#227;o do almanaque, participaram 11 ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de (enfermeiro, profissional de educa&#231;&#227;o f&#237;sica, m&#233;dico, nutricionista, psic&#243;logo e assistente social), quatro ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos da &#225;rea de HQ (com forma&#231;&#227;o em artes pl&#225;sticas, comunica&#231;&#227;o social e belas artes) e nove adolescentes pertencentes ao p&#250;blico-alvo.</p>
          <p>A sele&#231;&#227;o dos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de e dos t&#233;cnicos ocorreu por meio da amostragem do tipo bola de neve. A busca e a sele&#231;&#227;o destes foram realizadas pela Plataforma <italic>Lattes</italic>. Quanto &#224; sele&#231;&#227;o do primeiro grupo de ju&#237;zes, os profissionais da sa&#250;de, o crit&#233;rio de inclus&#227;o referia-se &#224; atua&#231;&#227;o nas &#225;reas de sa&#250;de mental e/ou sa&#250;de do adolescente. Exclu&#237;ram-se aqueles que n&#227;o obtivessem o escore m&#237;nimo de cinco pontos dos crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o do sistema adaptado de classifica&#231;&#227;o<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>)</sup>. J&#225; para a sele&#231;&#227;o dos ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos, definiu-se como crit&#233;rio de inclus&#227;o ser ju&#237;zes com experi&#234;ncia em HQ. Exclu&#237;ram-se aqueles profissionais que n&#227;o obtiveram o escore m&#237;nimo de cinco pontos dos crit&#233;rios de sele&#231;&#227;o elaborado pelos autores do estudo, que englobavam forma&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica, produ&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica e experi&#234;ncia profissional.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Protocolo do estudo</title>
          <p>Para aproximar o desenvolvimento do material educativo a uma perspectiva dial&#243;gica, a produ&#231;&#227;o do conhecimento do almanaque se deu pela realiza&#231;&#227;o de C&#237;rculos de Cultura com adolescentes escolares de uma institui&#231;&#227;o de ensino p&#250;blico.</p>
          <p>Realizaram-se tr&#234;s C&#237;rculos de Cultura. O primeiro momento envolveu a descoberta do universo vocabular e a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos temas geradores; o segundo enfatizou a tematiza&#231;&#227;o e a problematiza&#231;&#227;o; e o terceiro, a reflex&#227;o com foco na a&#231;&#227;o-reflex&#227;o-a&#231;&#227;o. Os tr&#234;s momentos duraram, em m&#233;dia, 40 minutos, ocorreram no turno da tarde na referida institui&#231;&#227;o de ensino dos escolares e envolveu a participa&#231;&#227;o de 12 adolescentes.</p>
          <p>Ap&#243;s an&#225;lise do material resultante desses C&#237;rculos e na imers&#227;o do aporte liter&#225;rio sobre a problem&#225;tica, seguiu-se com a constru&#231;&#227;o do roteiro, <italic>storyboard</italic> e diagrama&#231;&#227;o das imagens do almanaque, com o apoio de um profissional quadrinista.</p>
          <p>Para desenvolvimento do roteiro, foram consideradas a HQ de um estudo pr&#233;vio<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>)</sup> e a an&#225;lise dos momentos dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura. Posteriormente, os dados foram corroborados com a literatura cient&#237;fica, a fim de compartilhar um conhecimento seguro, envolvendo o conhecimento cient&#237;fico e popular.</p>
          <p>Na etapa de valida&#231;&#227;o do conte&#250;do e apar&#234;ncia com os ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, estes foram convidados por uma carta convite via <italic>e-mail</italic>, enviada para 29 ju&#237;zes, contendo a disponibilidade do <italic>link</italic> para acesso ao question&#225;rio de avalia&#231;&#227;o na plataforma do <italic>Google Forms</italic>&#174; e o almanaque anexo. Apenas onze responderam o e-mail enviado, aceitando participar do processo ao manifestar interesse por meio da termina&#231;&#227;o &#8220;ACEITO&#8221; do TCLE, enviado eletronicamente.</p>
          <p>Iniciou-se, assim, o processo de valida&#231;&#227;o da primeira vers&#227;o do almanaque educativo com os 11 ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, sendo estabelecido um prazo total de 60 dias para a devolu&#231;&#227;o do material.</p>
          <p>Ap&#243;s as reformula&#231;&#245;es sugeridas pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, obteve-se a segunda vers&#227;o do almanaque, que foi enviada para 15 ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos. Para isso, estabeleceu-se um prazo de dez dias para devolu&#231;&#227;o do material, com prorroga&#231;&#227;o por mais sete dias, conforme necessidade. Refor&#231;a-se que apenas quatro ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos participaram do processo de valida&#231;&#227;o.</p>
          <p>O almanaque educativo, ap&#243;s reformula&#231;&#245;es baseadas nas considera&#231;&#245;es dos ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos e da sa&#250;de, seguiu para a sua terceira vers&#227;o. Ap&#243;s, retornou ao grupo de ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de para aprecia&#231;&#227;o/avalia&#231;&#227;o do material, conforme as considera&#231;&#245;es tra&#231;adas nas etapas anteriores. Por fim, procedeu-se &#224; valida&#231;&#227;o de apar&#234;ncia junto ao p&#250;blico-alvo, com nove adolescentes escolares na institui&#231;&#227;o de ensino.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise dos resultados</title>
          <p>Para a an&#225;lise de dados dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura, com a finalidade de identificar os significados expressos, seguiu a t&#233;cnica da triangula&#231;&#227;o. Logo, procedeu-se &#224; descri&#231;&#227;o de cada c&#237;rculo, na perspectiva da observa&#231;&#227;o participante, an&#225;lise dos registros do di&#225;rio de bordo e avalia&#231;&#227;o das fotografias e v&#237;deos. Posteriormente, deu-se a descri&#231;&#227;o e an&#225;lise destes elementos com a literatura pertinente<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>)</sup>.</p>
          <p>Na descri&#231;&#227;o das falas dos adolescentes, com a finalidade de preservar a identidade, optou-se por identific&#225;-los conforme a denomina&#231;&#227;o dos her&#243;is da Marvel.</p>
          <p>Para valida&#231;&#227;o de conte&#250;do pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, adotou-se um instrumento adaptado<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>)</sup>, com julgamentos quanto ao conte&#250;do, escrita, ilustra&#231;&#227;o, apar&#234;ncia, motiva&#231;&#227;o e adequa&#231;&#227;o cultural.</p>
          <p>Na valida&#231;&#227;o da apar&#234;ncia pelos ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos, foi utilizado o instrumento adaptado, que incluiu itens quanto &#224; caracter&#237;stica dos desenhos, compreens&#227;o, tamanho, quantidade, cores, formas, harmonia, narrativa visual l&#243;gica, relev&#226;ncia e atratividade<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>)</sup>. J&#225; com o p&#250;blico-alvo, foi utilizado um instrumento adaptado que inclui itens quanto &#224; organiza&#231;&#227;o, estilo da escrita, apar&#234;ncia e motiva&#231;&#227;o<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>)</sup>.</p>
          <p>Utilizou-se, no processo de valida&#231;&#227;o de conte&#250;do e apar&#234;ncia pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, o &#205;ndice de Validade de Conte&#250;do (IVC), com uma escala do tipo Likert com as seguintes respostas: (1) N&#227;o concordo; (2) Concordo parcialmente; (3) N&#227;o concordo e n&#227;o discordo; (4) Concordo mais que discordo; (5) Concordo totalmente. Os itens, o dom&#237;nio e o instrumento como um todo deveriam apresentar um IVC maior ou igual a 0,78<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>)</sup>.</p>
          <p>Para o c&#225;lculo do IVC, foi considerado o n&#250;mero de itens avaliados como relevantes pelos ju&#237;zes &#8211; marcados com escores (4) ou (5) &#8211; e dividido pelo n&#250;mero total de itens do instrumento<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>)</sup>. J&#225; os itens marcados como (1), (2) ou (3) deveriam ser exclu&#237;dos ou revisados, conforme orienta&#231;&#245;es dos avaliadores<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>)</sup>.</p>
          <p>Na an&#225;lise da valida&#231;&#227;o com os ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos e os adolescentes, utilizou-se o &#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia (IC), em que divide o n&#250;mero de participantes que concordam com o item pelo n&#250;mero total de participantes e multiplica por cem. Para estabelecimento do escore v&#225;lido, deve haver um m&#237;nimo de 75% de respostas positivas marcadas<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>RESULTADOS</title>
        <p>Os resultados est&#227;o descritos em tr&#234;s categorias: a) C&#237;rculos de Cultura para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas entre adolescentes; b) Descri&#231;&#227;o da tecnologia educacional constru&#237;da; c) Valida&#231;&#227;o da tecnologia educacional.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>C&#237;rculos de Cultura para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas entre adolescentes</title>
          <p>Na etapa de descoberta do universo vocabular, os adolescentes inquietados quanto &#224; tem&#225;tica problematizada verbalizaram frases como:</p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>Diga n&#227;o &#224;s drogas.</italic> (Capit&#227;o Am&#233;rica)</p>
            <p><italic>Para n&#227;o destruir a fam&#237;lia,</italic> (Capit&#227; Marvel)</p>
            <p><italic>Seja consciente.</italic> (Elektra)</p>
            <p><italic>#n&#227;oasdrogas</italic> (Homem-aranha)</p>
            <p><italic>Brigas na fam&#237;lia.</italic> (Feiticeira Escarlate)</p>
          </disp-quote>
          <p>Ainda nesta etapa, utilizou-se uma anima&#231;&#227;o gr&#225;fica de livre interpreta&#231;&#227;o, mas com intr&#237;nseca rela&#231;&#227;o com as quest&#245;es sobre o fen&#244;meno do uso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas. As an&#225;lises pelos adolescentes foram:</p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>Tem gente que diz que usa</italic> [&#225;lcool e outras drogas] <italic>pra esquecer os problemas</italic> [...]. <italic>Ele usou pra esquecer os problemas que ele tinha.</italic> (Capit&#227; Marvel)</p>
            <p><italic>Desde o primeiro uso dele, ele achou interessante. Com o passar do tempo que ele foi usando, ele se viciou, at&#233; chegar um tempo da vida dele que ele n&#227;o tava aguentando mais nada, ele tava debilitado</italic> [...]. (Wolverine)</p>
          </disp-quote>
          <p>Atrav&#233;s dos relatos e discuss&#245;es, puderam-se identificar temas geradores: uso, abuso e depend&#234;ncia; tipos de drogas l&#237;citas e il&#237;citas; efeitos do uso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas e consequ&#234;ncias.</p>
          <p>Na etapa da tematiza&#231;&#227;o e problematiza&#231;&#227;o, utilizou-se um jogo de tabuleiro com perguntas e respostas, bem como a estrat&#233;gia da dramatiza&#231;&#227;o pelos adolescentes, gerando di&#225;logos que inspiraram a constru&#231;&#227;o das HQ, a saber:</p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>Ela foi comprar a droga e ele disse: &#8220;minha filha, compre isso n&#227;o! Voc&#234; t&#225; gastando seu dinheiro com isso? Tem muita coisa barata.&#8221;</italic> [...] <italic>a pessoa fica meio assim, porque pensa &#8220;eu t&#244; gastando dinheiro por causa disso?&#8221; Ent&#227;o eu vou fumar s&#243; essa vez, porque eu comprei e j&#225; t&#225; comprado</italic> [...] <italic>ent&#227;o, eu vou usar.</italic> (Elektra)</p>
            <p><italic>Era s&#243; vender de novo.</italic> (Homem de Ferro)</p>
            <p><italic>A&#237; vai vender droga e vai ser traficante?!</italic> (Elektra)</p>
          </disp-quote>
          <p>Ainda, na estrat&#233;gia da encena&#231;&#227;o, houve reflex&#245;es como a que se segue:</p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>A hist&#243;ria aconselha voc&#234; prestar aten&#231;&#227;o nas suas amizades</italic> [...]. <italic>Porque, se voc&#234; tiver desse lado aqui</italic> [lado das drogas], <italic>voc&#234; quer levar outras pessoas pra esse lado, sendo que acaba influenciando seus amigos, n&#233;? E quem n&#227;o tem consci&#234;ncia</italic> [...], <italic>vai e cai.</italic> (Tocha Humana)</p>
          </disp-quote>
          <p>Frente ao discurso observado, este pode inferir em situa&#231;&#245;es vivenciadas pelos adolescentes, podendo apontar uma proximidade com o contexto de vida desses diante do comportamento do grupo, do ambiente em que est&#227;o inseridos e dos fatores que influenciam o uso e abuso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas. Resultaram desse c&#237;rculo a identifica&#231;&#227;o das palavras-chaves: depend&#234;ncia, uso recreativo, fatores de prote&#231;&#227;o e fatores de risco.</p>
          <p>Por fim, no terceiro C&#237;rculo, prop&#244;s-se a reflex&#227;o dos adolescentes sobre a tem&#225;tica na produ&#231;&#227;o de elementos do tipo passatempo. A exemplo, a constru&#231;&#227;o de um ca&#231;a-palavras e de um desenho, representados pela <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figura 1</xref>.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f3">
              <label>Figura 1</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Representa&#231;&#227;o ilustrativa pelos adolescentes sobre o uso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brasil, 2019</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="1984-0446-reben-75-03-e20220118-0118-gf01-pt.tif"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>Com a finalidade de avaliar o momento dos c&#237;rculos de cultura, houve reflex&#245;es sobre o conte&#250;do problematizado. Veja a seguir:</p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>&#201; tipo uma li&#231;&#227;o de vida, n&#233;?! Porque agora estamos tudo junto aqui, a&#237;, com o passar do tempo, algum de n&#243;s aqui pode deixar de estudar, n&#233;?! A&#237; querer usar isso a&#237;, algu&#233;m oferecer, a&#237; o caba t&#225; conversando aqui</italic> [...], <italic>a&#237; o caba se lembra</italic> [...]. (Capit&#227;o Am&#233;rica)</p>
          </disp-quote>
          <p>A condu&#231;&#227;o dos momentos de promo&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de por meio da estrat&#233;gia pedag&#243;gica dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura &#8211; que resultou em reflex&#245;es, inquieta&#231;&#245;es e conhecimentos &#8211;, possibilitou a constru&#231;&#227;o de conhecimentos horizontais acerca da import&#226;ncia de preven&#231;&#227;o do uso do &#225;lcool e outras drogas na adolesc&#234;ncia. Sendo o car&#225;ter l&#250;dico e dial&#243;gico primordiais para o alcance da atratividade aos adolescentes, esses momentos contribu&#237;ram para a estrutura&#231;&#227;o do roteiro do almanaque educativo a partir do processo de transforma&#231;&#227;o da linguagem.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Descri&#231;&#227;o da tecnologia educacional constru&#237;da</title>
          <p>Na perspectiva dos poss&#237;veis elementos que poderiam constituir o almanaque a partir do que foi identificado na literatura e das experi&#234;ncias com os adolescentes escolares, di&#225;logos estruturados em HQ, palavras cruzadas, quadro informativo, ca&#231;a-palavras, cordel e enigma integraram a TE. A an&#225;lise do material dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura possibilitou a organiza&#231;&#227;o do roteiro, <italic>storyboard</italic> e diagrama&#231;&#227;o.</p>
          <p>O almanaque educativo cont&#233;m 21 p&#225;ginas, com dimens&#245;es de 21x5cm, e foi impresso em papel sulfite, pela flexibilidade e menor custo. O t&#237;tulo &#8220;Almanaque da Preven&#231;&#227;o&#8221; busca atrair o p&#250;blico-alvo e vincular ao aspecto da preven&#231;&#227;o. A vers&#227;o se encontra representada parcialmente na <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figura 2</xref>.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f4">
              <label>Figura 2</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Representa&#231;&#227;o ilustrativa parcial do almanaque, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brasil, 2020</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="1984-0446-reben-75-03-e20220118-0118-gf02-pt.tif"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>A primeira hist&#243;ria, &#8220;Desvendando um mundo oculto&#8221;, ressalta o uso de drogas no ambiente escola. O enredo foi organizado a partir das palavras-chave da etapa identifica&#231;&#227;o do universo vocabular e inspirado em uma HQ pr&#233;via<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>)</sup> quanto &#224; defini&#231;&#227;o dos personagens (dez adolescentes, educadora e diretor da escola), delimita&#231;&#227;o do cen&#225;rio e estrutura&#231;&#227;o das cenas.</p>
          <p>Na segunda hist&#243;ria, &#8220;Um caminho a ser percorrido. Prevenir sem reprimir&#8221;, d&#225;-se &#234;nfase &#224;s quest&#245;es que envolvem depend&#234;ncia, uso recreativo, fatores de prote&#231;&#227;o e fatores de risco. O enredo da hist&#243;ria foi organizado atrav&#233;s dessas palavras-chave, identificadas na problematiza&#231;&#227;o e tematiza&#231;&#227;o dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura. Nessa hist&#243;ria, elaborou-se uma produ&#231;&#227;o cr&#237;tico-reflexiva com a finalidade de sensibilizar o p&#250;blico acerca de aspectos essenciais &#224; preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e outras drogas. Logo, englobou a constru&#231;&#227;o do ca&#231;a-palavras, palavras cruzadas, quadro informativo, enigma e cordel, elementos potenciais para atratividade ao p&#250;blico-alvo, inspirados no desenho, ca&#231;a-palavras e palavras cruzadas constru&#237;dos pelos adolescentes nos C&#237;rculos de Cultura.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Valida&#231;&#227;o da tecnologia educacional</title>
          <p>Na valida&#231;&#227;o de conte&#250;do e apar&#234;ncia da TE, o almanaque foi avaliado por onze ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de em dois ciclos (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T4">Tabela 1</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="T4">
            <label>Tabela 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Escore do &#205;ndice de Validade de Conte&#250;do na 1&#170; vers&#227;o e 2&#170; vers&#227;o do almanaque conforme avalia&#231;&#227;o dos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brasil, 2019</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle">Itens de avalia&#231;&#227;o</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">n (N=11)</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">IVC</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">n (N=5)</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">IVC</th>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">1&#170; vers&#227;o</th>
                  <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">2&#170; vers&#227;o</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">1. Objetivos/conte&#250;do</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,56)</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,90)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">1.1 O almanaque contribui para a preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e outras drogas</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,45</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">1.2 O conte&#250;do do almanaque tem rela&#231;&#227;o direta com a preven&#231;&#227;o do uso do &#225;lcool e outras drogas pelos adolescentes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,72</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">1.3 O conte&#250;do &#233; adequado para alcan&#231;ar a preven&#231;&#227;o do uso do &#225;lcool e outras drogas pelos adolescentes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,45</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">1.4 O conte&#250;do aborda tem&#225;ticas relevantes para preven&#231;&#227;o do uso do &#225;lcool e outras drogas pelos adolescentes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,63</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">2. Escrita</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,69)</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,92)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">2.1 A leitura do almanaque &#233; de f&#225;cil compreens&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,72</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">2.2 A leitura &#233; clara e concisa</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,63</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">2.3 As palavras utilizadas s&#227;o comuns do dia a dia</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,81</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">2.4 H&#225; concord&#226;ncia entre as informa&#231;&#245;es</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,72</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">2.5 Os t&#243;picos facilitam a compreens&#227;o da leitura</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,54</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">3. Ilustra&#231;&#245;es</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,93)</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,80)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">3.1 As imagens/figuras contribuem para compreens&#227;o das informa&#231;&#245;es</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">10</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,90</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">3.2 As imagens/figuras s&#227;o adequadas para o tipo de material</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">11</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">3.3 As imagens/figuras s&#227;o importantes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">11</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">3.4 As imagens/figuras cont&#234;m informa&#231;&#245;es claras</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,81</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,60</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">4. Apresenta&#231;&#227;o</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,95)</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,90)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">4.1 A apar&#234;ncia como um todo (capa e todas as outras p&#225;ginas) s&#227;o atrativas e adequadas</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">10</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,90</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">4.2 O tamanho das letras e o tipo s&#227;o adequados</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">11</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">5. Motiva&#231;&#227;o</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,65)</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,75)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">5.1 A utiliza&#231;&#227;o do material proporciona intera&#231;&#227;o os demais adolescentes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">10</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,90</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">5.2 As orienta&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o claras e citam exemplos</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,63</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">5.3 O almanaque provoca mudan&#231;a de comportamento</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,45</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,40</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">5.4 O almanaque possibilita a aquisi&#231;&#227;o de novos conhecimentos</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,63</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">6. Adequa&#231;&#227;o cultural</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,68)</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">(0,80)</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">6.1 O almanaque &#233; um material apropriado &#224; realidade de vida dos adolescentes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,54</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,60</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">6.2 O almanaque aborda informa&#231;&#245;es que muitas vezes est&#227;o presentes no seu dia a dia dos adolescentes</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0,81</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">1,0</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">IVC GLOBAL</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle"><bold>1&#170; vers&#227;o</bold> 0,73</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle"><bold>2&#170; vers&#227;o</bold> 0,84</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN4">
                <p>
                  <italic>N &#8211; n&#250;mero de ju&#237;zes que participaram da valida&#231;&#227;o; n &#8211; n&#250;mero de ju&#237;zes que avaliaram o item como &#8220;concordo mais que discordo&#8221; e &#8220;concordo totalmente&#8221;; IVC &#8211; &#205;ndice de Validade de Conte&#250;do.</italic>
                </p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Conforme descrito, observa-se que, no processo de valida&#231;&#227;o da primeira vers&#227;o, n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel o alcance do escore m&#237;nimo do IVC (0,78) dos itens referentes aos objetivos/conte&#250;do (1.1, 1.2, 1.3 e 1.4), escrita (2.1, 2.2, 2.4 e 2.5), motiva&#231;&#227;o (5.2, 5.3 e 5.4) e adequa&#231;&#227;o cultural (6.1), demonstrando que o material precisava de reformula&#231;&#245;es destes itens. Nota-se, ainda, que n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel alcance do escore m&#237;nimo do IVC global. Em contrapartida, foi alcan&#231;ado IVC de 0,81 a 1,0 em todos os itens de ilustra&#231;&#245;es e apresenta&#231;&#227;o.</p>
          <p>Os ju&#237;zes teceram sugest&#245;es e coment&#225;rios. As principais sugest&#245;es envolveram a simplicidade da linguagem, como o uso de g&#237;rias (juiz 1), cr&#237;ticas ao n&#227;o estabelecimento das informa&#231;&#245;es pautadas em fontes cient&#237;ficas (ju&#237;zes 2, 5 e 6), conte&#250;do n&#227;o esclarecedor (ju&#237;zes 2, 3 e 7) e comprometimento da sequ&#234;ncia dos di&#225;logos (ju&#237;zes 3, 8, 9 e 11).</p>
          <p>Sobre o conte&#250;do, os ju&#237;zes julgaram a descri&#231;&#227;o do fen&#244;meno pautada em frases do senso comum como um meio n&#227;o vi&#225;vel para o alcance da preven&#231;&#227;o. Reafirmaram a necessidade de reformular essas frases com base em afirma&#231;&#245;es cient&#237;ficas, na premissa de que a preven&#231;&#227;o &#233; alcan&#231;ada atrav&#233;s do acesso &#224; informa&#231;&#227;o. Ainda, ju&#237;zes discorreram que o foco do material n&#227;o deveria se deter &#224; droga (ju&#237;zes 3, 4, 5), mas sim aos determinantes sociais (juiz 3), &#224; responsabiliza&#231;&#227;o das escolhas e &#224;s consequ&#234;ncias do ato (juiz 2), para estimular mudan&#231;a de comportamento (juiz 3).</p>
          <p>Entre as solicita&#231;&#245;es, tamb&#233;m foi sugerido nomear cada personagem e atrelar caracter&#237;sticas a estes (juiz 2), mudar o t&#237;tulo do almanaque para &#8220;Prevenir sem reprimir&#8221; (juiz 1), diferenciar o uso recreativo da depend&#234;ncia (juiz 2) e envolver a preven&#231;&#227;o &#224; responsabilidade pelas escolhas (juiz 2).</p>
          <p>Os ju&#237;zes enfatizaram a import&#226;ncia do material no contexto da preven&#231;&#227;o como uma ferramenta com potencial de contribuir para as discuss&#245;es sobre as drogas (juiz 4), que dispara reflex&#245;es (juiz 5), realiza aproxima&#231;&#227;o com o contexto real dos adolescentes com leveza ao abordar a tem&#225;tica (juiz 6), propicia abertura ao di&#225;logo (ju&#237;zes 6 e 11) e se apresenta como uma importante tecnologia para a promo&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de dos adolescentes (juiz 9).</p>
          <p>Ap&#243;s an&#225;lise dos coment&#225;rios e/ou sugest&#245;es realizaram-se as mudan&#231;as. O material foi reformulado, procedendo-se &#224; valida&#231;&#227;o da segunda vers&#227;o por cinco ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de. Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao IVC, &#233; not&#243;rio um aumento significativo do escore em seus itens na sua 2&#170; vers&#227;o, sendo, portanto, validado pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de com o IVC global de 0,84, mesmo com ressalva nos itens 3.4, 5.3 e 6.1, que n&#227;o atingiram o IVC m&#237;nimo e precisaram ser reconsiderados. Ainda nesta nova vers&#227;o, os itens de objetivos, escrita e apresenta&#231;&#227;o foram todos validados com excel&#234;ncia, com IVC que variou de 0,80 a 1,0.</p>
          <p>Na valida&#231;&#227;o da apar&#234;ncia, houve a participa&#231;&#227;o de quatro ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos. De acordo com os escores atribu&#237;dos foi calculado o IC (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T5">Tabela 2</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="T5">
            <label>Tabela 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Escore do &#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia da valida&#231;&#227;o de apar&#234;ncia do almanaque pelos ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brasil, 2020</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left" valign="middle">Itens de avalia&#231;&#227;o</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">n (N=04)</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">IC*</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Caracter&#237;sticas dos desenhos</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos est&#227;o apropriados para o p&#250;blico-alvo</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos s&#227;o claros e transmitem facilidade de compreens&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos est&#227;o em quantidade e tamanhos adequados no almanaque</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos utilizados est&#227;o relacionados com o texto do almanaque e elucidam o conte&#250;do</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">As cores e formas dos desenhos est&#227;o adequadas para o tipo de material</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">75%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">A disposi&#231;&#227;o dos desenhos est&#225; em harmonia com o di&#225;logo</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos ajudam na problematiza&#231;&#227;o da tem&#225;tica e est&#227;o em uma narrativa visual l&#243;gica</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos ajudam na mudan&#231;a de comportamentos e atitudes do p&#250;blico-alvo</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">75%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os desenhos s&#227;o relevantes para compreens&#227;o do conte&#250;do pelo p&#250;blico-alvo</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">A capa e contracapa est&#227;o adequadas ao tipo de material e s&#227;o atrativas ao p&#250;blico-alvo</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">04</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">&#205;ndice de concord&#226;ncia geral</td>
                  <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="middle">95%</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN5">
                <p>
                  <italic>N &#8211; n&#250;mero total de ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos; n &#8211; n&#250;mero parcial de ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos; *&#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia.</italic>
                </p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Observa-se que, dos dez itens avaliados, apenas dois deles atingiram o escore m&#237;nimo de 75%, e todos os demais alcan&#231;aram o escore m&#225;ximo. O IC geral alcan&#231;ou 95%.</p>
          <p>Os ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos realizaram coment&#225;rios e/ou sugest&#245;es. Com as modifica&#231;&#245;es realizadas no material, obteve-se a terceira vers&#227;o do almanaque.</p>
          <p>Quanto ao item &#8220;cores e formas dos desenhos&#8221;, o juiz 1 sugeriu a colora&#231;&#227;o do uniforme dos adolescentes e a padroniza&#231;&#227;o dos bal&#245;es em cor branca. Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao item sobre apropria&#231;&#227;o dos desenhos para o p&#250;blico-alvo, o juiz 4 enalteceu o estilo do material como um meio adequado para o p&#250;blico. Quanto &#224; relev&#226;ncia dos desenhos para compreens&#227;o do conte&#250;do, o mesmo juiz julgou as ilustra&#231;&#245;es como um meio facilitador para entendimento da mensagem transmitida.</p>
          <p>Houve ainda coment&#225;rios gerais, em que os ju&#237;zes enalteceram a import&#226;ncia do trabalho, al&#233;m de classificarem a leitura como r&#225;pida, informativa, agrad&#225;vel, clara, atrativa e de f&#225;cil compreens&#227;o do conte&#250;do pelo p&#250;blico-alvo.</p>
          <p>Por fim, na valida&#231;&#227;o da apar&#234;ncia da TE com o p&#250;blico-alvo (<xref ref-type="table" rid="T6">Tabela 3</xref>), contou-se com a participa&#231;&#227;o de nove adolescentes.</p>
          <table-wrap id="T6">
            <label>Tabela 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Escore do &#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia da valida&#231;&#227;o de apar&#234;ncia do almanaque pelo p&#250;blico-alvo, Crato, Cear&#225;, Brasil, 2020</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left" valign="middle">Itens de avalia&#231;&#227;o</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">Sim (N=09)</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">N&#227;o (N=09)</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">Em parte (N=09)</th>
                  <th align="center" valign="middle">IC*</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Caracter&#237;sticas dos desenhos</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">A capa chamou sua aten&#231;&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">77,78%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">A capa mostra o assunto a que se refere</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">66,67%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Os t&#243;picos t&#234;m sequ&#234;ncia</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">O tamanho do conte&#250;do nos t&#243;picos &#233; adequado</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Estilo da escrita</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">As frases s&#227;o f&#225;ceis de entender</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Existe associa&#231;&#227;o dos itens com o texto</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">O conte&#250;do escrito &#233; claro</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">88,89%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">O texto &#233; interessante</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">77,78%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">O texto &#233; repetitivo</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">00</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">77,78%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Apar&#234;ncia</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">As ilustra&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o simples</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">05</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">55,56%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">As ilustra&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o complicadas</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">As ilustra&#231;&#245;es ajudam para maior compreens&#227;o do texto</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">08</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">01</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">88,89%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">As ilustra&#231;&#245;es dificultam a compreens&#227;o do texto</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Motiva&#231;&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Em sua opini&#227;o, qualquer adolescente que ler este material entende do que se trata</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">09</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">100%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">Voc&#234; se sentiu motivado de ler at&#233; o final</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">06</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">03</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">66,67%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">O material sugeriu-lhe pensar sobre sua sa&#250;de quanto ao n&#227;o uso do &#225;lcool e outras drogas</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">07</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">0</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">02</td>
                  <td align="center" valign="middle">77,78%</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="middle">&#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia Geral</td>
                  <td colspan="4" align="center" valign="middle">86,2%</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN6">
                <p>
                  <italic>N &#8211; n&#250;mero de avaliadores do p&#250;blico-alvo; *&#205;ndice de Concord&#226;ncia.</italic>
                </p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Conforme demonstrado, &#233; poss&#237;vel constatar que o almanaque neste tipo de valida&#231;&#227;o atingiu IC Geral de 86,2%, considerando o material v&#225;lido, apesar de menores valores de IC nos itens relativos &#224; rela&#231;&#227;o da capa com o assunto, &#224; simplicidade das ilustra&#231;&#245;es e aos crit&#233;rios de motiva&#231;&#227;o. Todos os demais itens atingiram escore de concord&#226;ncia m&#237;nimo, sendo que sete destes apresentaram IC de 100%.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>DISCUSS&#195;O</title>
        <p>Dentre alguns pontos que se sobressa&#237;ram quanto &#224; elabora&#231;&#227;o do almanaque, discute-se sobre a inten&#231;&#227;o de utilizar o di&#225;logo dos adolescentes nesta constru&#231;&#227;o. Entretanto, as frases foram interpretadas como do senso comum pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de e, por isso, criticadas seu uso. Mas ainda assim, destaca-se a import&#226;ncia de considerar os saberes j&#225; existentes para fomentar as discuss&#245;es, por compreender o momento de educa&#231;&#227;o como um processo de constru&#231;&#227;o. Cabe inferir a import&#226;ncia de correlacionar o conhecimento cient&#237;fico ao senso comum para a produ&#231;&#227;o e discuss&#227;o do conhecimento, em uma rela&#231;&#227;o de complementaridade. O senso comum induz questionamentos que, por sua vez, produzem ci&#234;ncia<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Outro ponto que cabe destaque diz respeito ao foco dos di&#225;logos dos adolescentes na droga, igualmente criticado pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de. Nessa &#234;nfase, em um estudo que objetivou desvelar a percep&#231;&#227;o de estudantes da educa&#231;&#227;o b&#225;sica sobre drogas, constatou-se que o entendimento do adolescente acerca da problem&#225;tica da droga os coloca no centro da discuss&#227;o, mas, ao mesmo tempo, apontam para a necessidade de medidas que venham descentralizar a droga do contexto em que ocorrem, para que possam ser vislumbrados os fatores e a&#231;&#245;es correlatas<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Logo, percorrer o caminho da integralidade em sa&#250;de requer aten&#231;&#227;o dos servi&#231;os assistenciais e educacionais quanto &#224; multiplicidade de demandas dos adolescentes, para que os profissionais possam exercer com prontid&#227;o o fazer sa&#250;de e inquietar o p&#250;blico quanto &#224; necessidade de cuidado em sa&#250;de mental<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>J&#225; no processo de valida&#231;&#227;o da TE, destacaram-se mudan&#231;as orientadas pelos ju&#237;zes da sa&#250;de. Foi poss&#237;vel retirar a droga do foco central e discutir fatores individuais, familiares e/ou sociais relacionados &#224; problem&#225;tica. Assim, permeado pelos di&#225;logos, pode-se despertar a preven&#231;&#227;o atrelada &#224; responsabilidade pelas escolhas. Para isso, ressalta-se a necessidade de a&#231;&#245;es que propiciem a participa&#231;&#227;o do adolescente no seu pr&#243;prio cuidado na esfera da promo&#231;&#227;o e preven&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de, relacionadas com o contexto de vida do adolescente<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Ao se considerar alguns itens julgados na valida&#231;&#227;o, especificamente nos itens do objetivo, o resultado foi semelhante ao estudo que validou uma cartilha educativa para preven&#231;&#227;o do excesso de peso em adolescentes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>, em que nenhum dos itens foi julgado como inadequado, atingindo um IVC de 0,81 nessa categoria. Os itens de objetivo referem-se ao que se deseja atingir com a utiliza&#231;&#227;o do almanaque, envolvendo crit&#233;rios espec&#237;ficos ao conte&#250;do.</p>
        <p>J&#225; no quesito ilustra&#231;&#227;o, um item n&#227;o atingiu o &#237;ndice m&#237;nimo (3.4 As imagens/figuras cont&#234;m informa&#231;&#245;es claras). A sinaliza&#231;&#227;o deste item como inadequado foi primordial para busca por readequa&#231;&#245;es e valida&#231;&#227;o do material posteriormente. Neste sentido, enfatiza-se a import&#226;ncia da clarifica&#231;&#227;o das informa&#231;&#245;es contidas e/ou dos elementos visuais, por ampliar o campo de comunica&#231;&#227;o entre as pessoas, independentemente do n&#237;vel de escolaridade<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao item 5.3, &#8220;O almanaque provoca mudan&#231;a de comportamento&#8221;, do aspecto motiva&#231;&#227;o, o IVC atingido foi de 0,40, semelhante ao achado do estudoque validou uma cartilha educativa para preven&#231;&#227;o do excesso de peso em adolescentes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>, com IVC de 0,44. Quanto a isso, cabe destacar a reflex&#227;o dos ju&#237;zes no referido estudo, ao afirmarem que o material sozinho n&#227;o seria capaz de promover mudan&#231;a de atitude e comportamento.</p>
        <p>No item 6.1, &#8220;O almanaque &#233; um material apropriado &#224; realidade de vida dos adolescentes&#8221;, que pertence &#224; &#234;nfase da adequa&#231;&#227;o cultural, o &#237;ndice atingido foi de 0,60. No estudo anteriormente citado<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>, um item equivalente atingiu escore de 0,78, podendo este achado estar relacionado &#224;s limita&#231;&#245;es de produ&#231;&#227;o de materiais educativos impressos e utiliza&#231;&#227;o deste junto ao p&#250;blico adolescentes, frente ao desenvolvimento de materiais do tipo digital.</p>
        <p>Com rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o pelos ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos, apenas dois dos dez itens avaliados atingiram o escore m&#237;nimo de 75%, enquanto os demais itens alcan&#231;aram escore de 100%. Houve um achado semelhante ao estudo, que validou uma cartilha para preven&#231;&#227;o do excesso ponderal em adolescentes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup> e ao estudo que validou uma cartilha para preven&#231;&#227;o de s&#237;ndrome metab&#243;lica em adolescentes<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</sup>. Nos referidos estudos, na valida&#231;&#227;o com os ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos, a grande maioria dos itens atingiu o escore m&#225;ximo, demonstrando, assim, relev&#226;ncia junto ao grupo de ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos quanto &#224; adequa&#231;&#227;o do designer dos materiais educativos produzidos.</p>
        <p>Quanto ao p&#250;blico-alvo, o IC dos itens variou entre 55,56% e 100%, semelhante ao estudo que validou uma cartilha para preven&#231;&#227;o do excesso ponderal em adolescentes cuja valida&#231;&#227;o com o p&#250;blico-alvo atingiu escore entre 61,1% e 100%<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>)</sup>. Neste sentido, cabe discutir sobre os itens que obtiveram menores escores.</p>
        <p>No que diz respeito ao conte&#250;do apresentado, a maioria dos adolescentes julgaram-no como claro, corroborando com o estudo que validou uma cartilha sobre higiene do sono<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>)</sup>. Especificamente o crit&#233;rio da motiva&#231;&#227;o, alguns adolescentes julgaram que se sentiam parcialmente motivados a ler o material at&#233; o final. Esse achado pode estar relacionado &#224; inquieta&#231;&#227;o dos adolescentes para finalizarem a leitura e deixarem o ambiente, demonstrando limita&#231;&#245;es nas rela&#231;&#245;es do p&#250;blico com a pesquisadora no momento de aplica&#231;&#227;o do instrumento<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Outros dois itens que apresentaram os menores escores de valida&#231;&#227;o foram a &#8220;capa mostra o assunto que se refere&#8221; e &#8220;as ilustra&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o simples&#8221;. Esse achado pode estar relacionado &#224;s limita&#231;&#245;es entre as intera&#231;&#245;es realizadas pelos adolescentes com a linguagem verbal e n&#227;o verbal contida no material. Desse modo, ressalta-se a necessidade de dar luz a tal achado, pois destaca-se o qu&#227;o importante &#233; o processo de julgamento do p&#250;blico-alvo quanto ao entendimento das imagens e/ou figuras e &#224; relev&#226;ncia das sugest&#245;es de melhoria, a fim de potencializar o material e clarificar o n&#237;vel de compreens&#227;o<sup>(<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>)</sup>.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Limita&#231;&#245;es do estudo</title>
          <p>As limita&#231;&#245;es do estudo se referem &#224; participa&#231;&#227;o de um quantitativo restrito de adolescentes, bem como de ju&#237;zes t&#233;cnicos e do p&#250;blico-alvo, &#224; realiza&#231;&#227;o dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura em um &#250;nico cen&#225;rio e formato &#250;nico de reprodu&#231;&#227;o do material. Logo, necessitam-se de estudos que objetivem publicar o almanaque em outros formatos (como vers&#245;es audiovisual e em braile), a fim de promover acessibilidade, reproduzir o material em m&#237;dias/redes sociais, al&#233;m de aplicar a TE para verificar na pr&#225;tica sua efic&#225;cia e viabilidade.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Contribui&#231;&#245;es para a &#225;rea da enfermagem</title>
          <p>As implica&#231;&#245;es para a enfermagem envolvem a possibilidade de uso de um material dial&#243;gico, l&#250;dico e que prop&#245;e a problematiza&#231;&#227;o, ao ser empregado nas atividades de educa&#231;&#227;o em sa&#250;de, tanto no ambiente escolar quanto nos servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de. Como consequ&#234;ncia, provocam-se inquieta&#231;&#245;es e reflex&#245;es quanto &#224;s estrat&#233;gias de preven&#231;&#227;o ao uso do &#225;lcool e de outras drogas na adolesc&#234;ncia por meio do acesso &#224; informa&#231;&#227;o. Ainda, fortalece a autonomia educativa na constru&#231;&#227;o e valida&#231;&#227;o de TE no campo da enfermagem.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>CONCLUS&#213;ES</title>
        <p>O desenvolvimento do almanaque educativo responde a uma necessidade de produ&#231;&#227;o de TE para adolescentes no &#226;mbito da preven&#231;&#227;o do uso de &#225;lcool e de outras drogas. Para isso, a utiliza&#231;&#227;o dos C&#237;rculos de Cultura com adolescentes escolares do ensino p&#250;blico foi de suma import&#226;ncia para o desenvolvimento do material. A valida&#231;&#227;o envolveu diferentes atores, refletindo no desenvolvimento de um material alinhado &#224;s necessidades que justificaram a realiza&#231;&#227;o deste estudo. Portanto, conforme quantifica&#231;&#227;o dos dados, o material foi validado, necessitando-se de ajustes quanto aos itens de motiva&#231;&#227;o, ilustra&#231;&#227;o e adequa&#231;&#227;o cultural, os quais alcan&#231;aram os menores escores. No entanto, esses itens elencados devem ser revisitados e potencializados.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
