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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Rev Bras Enferm</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">reben</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Rev. Bras. Enferm.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0034-7167</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1984-0446</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Associa&#231;&#227;o Brasileira de Enfermagem</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">7MXsDZ35Yf8NLwrFnQBLpzx</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0034-71672019000100134</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0544</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Being a nurse, being a counselor: awakening to social control and public health</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="es">
          <trans-title>Ser enfermero, ser consejero: despertando para el control social y salud p&#250;blica</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4652-2950</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ponte</surname>
            <given-names>Herm&#237;nia Maria Sousa da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5084-4856</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Ant&#244;nio Vicente J&#250;nior Gon&#231;alves</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">II</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0771-6266</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Pinto</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco Ricardo Miranda</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">III</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6281-4523</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aguiar</surname>
            <given-names>Francisca Alanny Rocha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">IV</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0211-5963</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aviz</surname>
            <given-names>Ana Laura Mendon&#231;a de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">V</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1781-6623</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aires</surname>
            <given-names>Samia Freitas</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8915-8714</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Morais</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Henrique do Nascimento</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">IV</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5144-8978</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco Meykel Am&#226;ncio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">IV</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>I</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual do Cear&#225;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Fortaleza</city>
          <state>Cear&#225;</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual do Cear&#225;. Fortaleza, Cear&#225;, Brazil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>II</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Catunda City Hall</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Catunda</city>
          <state>Cear&#225;</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Catunda City Hall. Catunda, Cear&#225;, Brazil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>III</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual Vale do Acara&#250;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Sobral</city>
          <state>Cear&#225;</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual Vale do Acara&#250;. Sobral, Cear&#225;, Brazil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>IV</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto Superior de Teologia Aplicada</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Sobral</city>
          <state>Cear&#225;</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Superior de Teologia Aplicada. Sobral, Cear&#225;, Brazil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>V</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Jijoca de Jericoacoara City Hall</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Jijoca de Jericoacoara</city>
          <state>Cear&#225;</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Jijoca de Jericoacoara City Hall. Jijoca de Jericoacoara, Cear&#225;, Brazil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Corresponding Author:</bold> Herm&#237;nia Maria Sousa Ponte E-mail: <email>herminiamponte@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <season>Jan-Feb</season>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>72</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>134</fpage>
      <lpage>139</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>ABSTRACT</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>Understand the time of awakening to social control and its contributions from the perspective of health counselor nurses.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Method:</title>
          <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight nurses who work/worked as health counselors. The information was analyzed using the thematic analysis of Minayo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>The interest in participating in the council emerged from the professionalization in the Family Health Strategy, whether in the continuation of the Municipal Council of Health, in the training, or in the participation in the student movement. The contributions included the development of a critical and reflective spirit, better understanding of health system management, increased sensitivity to the needs of the user, and close relationship with the community.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Final considerations:</title>
          <p>Despite some deficiencies and misconceptions of nurses, it is believed that nursing is on the right track in the defense and construction of a societarian project.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="es">
        <title>RESUMEN</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Comprender el momento del despertar para el control social y sus contribuciones bajo la &#243;ptica de enfermeros consejeros de salud.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todo:</title>
          <p>Se realiz&#243; una entrevista semiestructurada con ocho enfermeros que act&#250;an/actuaron como consejeros de salud. Se analizaron las informaciones por medio del an&#225;lisis tem&#225;tico de Minayo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>El inter&#233;s en participar del consejo surgi&#243; a partir de la profesionalizaci&#243;n en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia, ya sea en la prosecuci&#243;n del Consejo Municipal de Salud, en la formaci&#243;n, o sea en la participaci&#243;n en el movimiento estudiantil. Entre las contribuciones, se relat&#243; la formaci&#243;n de un esp&#237;ritu cr&#237;tico y reflexivo, mejor comprensi&#243;n de la gesti&#243;n del sistema de salud, aumento de la sensibilidad con las necesidades del usuario y acercamiento a la comunidad.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Consideraciones finales:</title>
          <p>A pesar de algunas fragilidades y concepciones equivocadas de los enfermeros, se cree que la enfermer&#237;a est&#225; en el camino correcto en la defensa y construcci&#243;n de un proyecto societario.</p>
        </sec>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Descriptors:</title>
        <kwd>Health Planning Councils</kwd>
        <kwd>Social Control Policies</kwd>
        <kwd>Unified Health System</kwd>
        <kwd>Social Participation</kwd>
        <kwd>Nursing</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="es">
        <title>Descriptores:</title>
        <kwd>Consejos de Salud</kwd>
        <kwd>Pol&#237;ticas de Control Social</kwd>
        <kwd>Sistema &#218;nico de Salud</kwd>
        <kwd>Participaci&#243;n Social</kwd>
        <kwd>Enfermer&#237;a</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>INTRODUCTION</title>
      <p>The movement to build health as a social right had the participation of several actors united in the Brazilian Health Reform movement, which presents its greatest expression in the 8th National Conference on Health, which brought in its theme Democracy and Health and had, for the first time in its history, the participation of workers and the population.</p>
      <p>Founding the new democratic paths to health through the Federal Constitution of 1988, with the creation of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), which formally established principles and guidelines of universality, integrality, social participation and control<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>)</sup>, social participation in health was defined as a set of social forces and interventions for the formulation, evaluation and execution of public policies in this segment. Its institutionalization occurred through Organic Law no. 8,142/90, which regulates the parity of Social Participation as 50% users, 25% private providers/administrators, and 25% health professionals<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Founded on this legal framework, the 1990s was marked by the dissemination of health councils in several municipalities by institutional legality. And, in the 2000s, with the expansion of primary health care &#8211; which brings as principle social participation as an essential attribute in the shared responsibility of the health service and community of a health care committed to the local context and demands &#8211; culminated in the development of local health councils as promoters of these debates<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Valuing the advances of social participation and aware that the involvement of the community and of the health sector still faces problems to consolidate, it is agreed with the study<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>)</sup> that emphasizes practices of abuse of authority, mainly over users, the low permeability as a deliberative instance to the detriment of advisory practice, demands centered on individual or corporate interests, and the deficient participation of health professionals who occupy a commissioned position. Does this impasse lead the counselor of the professional segment to an embarrassing position of voting against the government and in favor of health workers? Or in favor of the government and against the workers?</p>
      <p>In this context, since the 1980s, there is a discussion on the perspective of the training of critical, reflexive professionals committed to their social role, who act as active subjects in their own life and work path and contribute to the construction of an egalitarian health system<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Nursing is widespread in several spaces of production of individual and collective care, in health policies and services, and in local and municipal health councils, with the power to guide broader social changes<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref><sup>)</sup>. Thus, studies that address the nurses' participation in movements of social policy and spaces of social participation, such as the municipal health councils, elucidate the contributions of great importance<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>OBJECTIVE</title>
      <p>To deepen the perspective from the point of view of nurses who assumed the role of health counselors in order to understand at what point in their professional life there was the awakening to social control and its contributions to their practice in public health.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>METHOD</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Ethical aspects</title>
        <p>The research was guided by Resolution No. 466 of December 12, 2012, of the National Council of Health/Ministry of Health on research involving human beings<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>)</sup>, which was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of State University Vale do Acara&#250;.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Type of study</title>
        <p>The study is characterized by its exploratory-descriptive nature, with qualitative approach. This is based more on a reasoning led by an inductive process, which enables to explore and describe a reality or context and, finally, generate theoretical perspectives<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Methodological procedures</title>
        <p>Initially, in a visit to the Municipal Health Council (CMS) of Sobral (CE), we carried out a search in the appointment minutes for the 2008&#8211;2016 period to identify the counselors in the segment of health professionals with training in nursing.</p>
        <p>The first contact with the professionals was through telephone and, on this occasion, was explained the purpose of the study and asked about the interest in participating. After they accepted the invitation, the interviews were scheduled as to time and place, according to the availability of the respondents.</p>
        <p>The interviews were conducted from September to November 2016, when a meeting with the activists of the popular participation was allowed, to discuss the research topic. Participation in this study contributed to understanding the local context, broadening the comprehension of reality based on what the subject speaks, which provided the richness in the content analysis.</p>
        <p>The data were collected after explanation of the Term of Free and Informed Consent by the researcher and after this document was signed by the research participant.</p>
        <p>The whole conversation occurred face to face and followed the semi-structured interview guide, which contained three generating questions about the moment of interest in social participation, the challenges of the involvement with the health council, and the contributions from being a counselor to professional practice. This dialogue was recorded using a recorder, for later full transcription.</p>
        <p>Participants were identified by the acronym CN, referring to Counselor Nurse, added with ordinal numbers, according to the order of the interviews, namely: CN 1, CN 2, CN 3, CN 4, CN 5, CN 6, CN 7, CN 8, procedure that ensured the preservation of their anonymity.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Study setting</title>
        <p>The research location was the municipality of Sobral, the main city in northwestern Cear&#225;, located 238 kilometers from Fortaleza, with an area of approximately 2,123 km<sup>2</sup> and a population of 212,718 inhabitants.</p>
        <p>The municipality of Sobral (CE) has had the Municipal Health Council since 1993, created by Municipal Law no. 52/1993<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref><sup>)</sup>, resulting from the municipalization process and the requirement for transfers of interfederative resources triggered by Organic Law of Health no. 8,142/90. Subsequently, it was amended in 2001 by Law no. 326, restructuring its composition, which became 24 (twenty-four) members, complying with the criterion of parity between providers, government and workers and users and respecting the following proportionality: 50% of users, 25% of health workers, and 25% of service providers and government.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Data source</title>
        <p>The participant eligibility criteria were: having being or being health counselor in the city of Sobral, in the professional segment of health, in the periods 2008&#8211;2010; 2010&#8211;2012; 2012&#8211;2014; 2014&#8211;2016, and having a nursing degree.</p>
        <p>Considering the criteria above, the population was nine individuals; however, of these, one refused to be involved in the investigation, totaling eight individuals to be investigated.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Data organization and analysis</title>
        <p>After transcription of the interviews, the analysis was started, seeking to extract from the reports of participants significant data for the research. Data analysis followed six steps: 1) organization of data for analysis; 2) reading of all statements; 3) detailed analysis with coding process; 4) presentation of the themes extracted from the qualitative narrative; 5) extraction of meanings; and 6) development of thematic categories<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>)</sup>, namely: "The awakening to social participation and control" and "Contributions from the participation as counselor to professional practice."</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>RESULTS</title>
      <sec>
        <title>The awakening to social participation and control</title>
        <p>According to the research participants, there is a gap between the interest in social control and academic life, in addition to being implied difficulties related to the historical context and domination of the State as to teaching and learning and their relations with social upheavals.</p>
        <p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>Never, at that time we didn't have it, we didn't think about that, you know, we didn't have the SUS.</italic> [...] <italic>That was my own thing, the training had nothing of participation, it was only technical, purely technical.</italic> [...] <italic>I was a professional of the Ministry of Health, the INAMPS</italic> [National Institute of Medical Assistance and Social Security], <italic>so I can make this comparison of how it was before and how it is now.</italic> (CN 1)</p>
            <p><italic>At the time I was in college it was very vague, the curriculum was very poor, I graduated in 1983. I believe, from what I've read, from what I've already lived, that what came from the family health is something new.</italic> (CN 3)</p>
          </disp-quote>
        </p>
        <p>It is important to highlight that, in the reports of the participants, student movements (SM) have a significant role in the awakening of their interest in social control. There was unanimity among the participants in recognizing that it is within these movements that there is space for the first contacts with the recognition of social control as a way of improving the services provided.</p>
        <p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>In the mid academic period people ended up being directed to participation and militancy, but, to part of the student movements</italic> [...], <italic>that participating in student movements ends up, in fact, being involved in social movements.</italic> (CN 4)</p>
            <p><italic>I have always been involved in student movements, academic movements, movements of campaign groups, participating in these extra-academic movements, and it gradually strengthened the interest in social participation.</italic> (CN 7)</p>
            <p><italic>Although in a timid way, the student movement ended up finding a direction.</italic> (CN 2)</p>
          </disp-quote>
        </p>
        <p>Participants also pointed out that entering the universe of Primary Health Care (PHC) within the scope of the Family Health Strategy (ESF) - whether as professional representing the category, indicated, or as co-founder of the CMS - was a moment that awakened their interest.</p>
        <p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>I started to get interested since I started working in Family Health, that there was the idea of forming the local health council in the units.</italic> (CN 5)</p>
            <p><italic>It emerged when I worked in the Primary Health Care of the city of Sobral, when I was manager of a Family Health Center and, at that time, as I worked in management, we had to encourage the population to social control, in the formation of local health councils.</italic> (CN 6)</p>
          </disp-quote>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Contributions from the participation as counselor to professional practice</title>
        <p>The study participants report, with unanimity, personal and professional development, as well as a more critical and reflexive perspective concerning community issues, including a more humanized view after their participation in the CMS, in addition to expressing the strengthening of bonds and the need to actively listen to community requests.</p>
        <p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>I think it contributed to my development as a person. I think that this issue of participation contributed to expand my perspective, of the situation that people live, of knowing a reality that until then I was unaware of.</italic> (CN 1)</p>
            <p><italic>It only strengthened me, as to respecting the public opinion, feeling the real need and necessity of the community</italic> [...], <italic>you get closer to the community. I learned a lot, I think that, when we get out of the four walls of the office, out of the care of a Family Health Center, we experience the management and is able to better understand the processes, understand and comprehend the processes better, we can work better. So, that way I was able to perceive and understand the management of the SUS from those that are inside, then I got to know the difficulties, I got to know the problems that were there.</italic> (CN 5)</p>
          </disp-quote>
        </p>
        <p>Beyond reflecting on the participation in the CMS as a facilitator of the "being manager," there is the comprehension of the community perception based on what is presented by popular entities whose approach to the community is more solid and brings a more effective perspective on the role of counselor.</p>
        <p>
          <disp-quote>
            <p><italic>The main contribution as a counselor, to my profession, was the improvement of the bond, we get closer to people, understand the user's vision that comes from their popular entities, which makes us rethink how we are working.</italic> (CN 8)</p>
          </disp-quote>
        </p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>DISCUSSIONS</title>
      <p>Based on the data of this research, it is possible to bring as a first focus the deficiency in the national scientific literature regarding the nurse within the Municipal Health Council, limiting the discussion of the results until reaching the reflection within a proposal of discussion with similar studies as occurred with the study on the characterization of nursing training in Colombia<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>)</sup>. Nevertheless, we chose, here, to carry out the discussion in order to reflect on the findings of this study and, thus, to build evidence on the subject.</p>
      <p>Based on the research findings, inferred from the participants' reports, it is possible to deduce that the interest in social control has little direct relationship with the academic training space, as there was no acknowledgement to this stage. Such gap may indicate discussions with little emphasis on the CMS that awaken in the academic students the interest in the subject, or even its absence within the political-pedagogical proposals of the programs to meet what was recommended by the National Curricular Guidelines of the Nursing Program regarding the social development of the nurse<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Still in this perspective, if nurse training and development does not occur within the space of their initial training, this should be supplemented in the training processes of the counselor's activity, surpassing purely technical perspectives and awakening other dimensions of values<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>The deficiency in nurse training, considering the CMS, is no indication that this subject is not presented in nursing programs, but that it is little approached and that there is also a need to review the curricular issue of initial training, introducing the academic sphere to the context of social control &#8211; not only in the care focused on the health-disease process, still fixed in the biomedical vision. This perception of a training review implies the reordering of institutions as responsible in the training process so as to understand their responsibility for the curriculum that addresses the various dimensions for the challenges inherent in the Brazilian Unified Health System and in all its complexity, be that care, management, permanent education and social participation<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>Worthy of note is the time reported by professionals spanning the period of military dictatorship, a regime in which the State exercised total authority over the population. There were no spaces for dialogue with the community and with the organized sectors of society, even banning the organization or expression of these sectors. During the dictatorial regime, the authoritarian State had strong control over the whole of society, a way that the ruling class found to exert its hegemony, supporting the consolidation of monopoly capitalism<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>It is also during the period of dictatorship that the Sanitary Reform is defended and, especially, the discussion about overcoming the private care model through the movements promoted by the social groups of both left-wing parties and intellectuals, who understood that the movement promoted by the people can reverse the control and domination relations that the State seeks to develop. Thus, it is up to the population in general to decide what the State should develop<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>The participants' statements indicate that nurses who follow the paths of municipal health councils are already from the health service, and that the participation is possibly associated with the indications that may happen by the labor classes and/or by the appointment of municipal administrators who have interest in maintaining representatives they trust<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>A study carried out in Teixeiras, in the Minas Gerais state, shows the negativity of political interventions in the space of CMS, also showing that this is also a perception of the members of the group. It is important to emphasize that legislation itself already indicates that 25% of CMS members should be representatives of the government sphere, which may give rise to a feeling of disbelief among council members<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>The way all research participants associate their participation in the CMS and their professional practice is another point to be highlighted in the findings of this study, when they mentioned improved bond with the community, closer relationship with the local reality, and understanding of the needs of the community. They also expressed the contribution as to the understanding of the structure and functioning of the SUS management and the process of building the care model focused on its principles and guidelines, an expanded understanding of health.</p>
      <p>However, these are not the only aspects that should be observed. It should be noted that this perception of the importance of the bond with the community and the perspective of the problems enables the nurse &#8211; and now also a counselor &#8211; to be able to involve the community itself in observing and addressing its own problems<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>The counselor-nurses &#8211; and here is understood why the proposed title of this study &#8211; who had contact with the CMS in their professional lives focus not only on bureaucratic issues, but also on how they manage to be more humanistic based on their experiences. The nursing profession itself is already fraught with the symbolism of doing good, of health care, reinforced by the National Humanization Policy (PNH), which enables a comparison with the findings of the study carried out with HumanizaSUS supporters, in the perspective of learning with the work process<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      <p>This salutary nursing practice, centrally focused on users and their needs, is what enables and fosters professional and personal growth, since the humanized view of the suffering of the other, heterogenizing instead of homogenizing<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref><sup>)</sup>, should be part of nursing practice.</p>
      <p>Thus, professionals should be involved in social control for planning and implementation of health actions, considering the broad dimension of this concept and the challenge that is presented, with the purpose of guaranteeing it, for the implementation of public policies and direct relationship with the user population, both in the individual and in the collective spheres, within a social, historical and cultural context that needs to be valued.</p>
      <p>The current context requires professional training that surpasses the merely technical practice and incorporates the management of social and public policies, ensuring a proactive professional, capable of meeting the health needs based on the SUS principles, in the instances of social participation and control.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Study limitations</title>
        <p>Although the study obtained the participation of counselor nurses over ten years, the number of eight participants may have been insufficient to determine the contribution of the professional practice in the exercise of social control at the national level, considering that there is a need for more studies on the the same subject, with the purpose of capturing other realities, local specificities and the plurality of the Federation units.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Contributions of the study</title>
        <p>However, the dialogue with counselor-nurses showed the extent to which academic training does not prioritize the reflexive discussion of social control, including beyond constitutional arrangements, coupled with an incipient culture of participatory democracy in the community, student, and professional life.</p>
        <p>Discovering the counselor-nurse role is to know the dichotomy of producing and proposing transformations in health, sometimes having to oppose the vertical model proposed by the local administrator, who exercises authority over his or her employment.</p>
        <p>It is necessary that social control occurs in practice so it is not only in law, and that civil society and health professionals occupy fully and effectively these spaces of social participation, to defend against and fight the opposing forces that want to perpetuate an unjust and unequal society.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>FINAL CONSIDERATIONS</title>
      <p>In a society that constantly reaffirms social rights, nursing has a social role in citizenship and in the daily process of reaffirming health as a right. Thus, it was observed that, by participating in health council, nurses obtains knowledge for personal and professional life, by means of their daily functions and training, becoming participatory professionals who have developed opinions and are aware of their rights and duties.</p>
      <p>The representation of nurses as health counselors contributed to political and citizen involvement in consolidating the SUS, through planning, monitoring, and evaluation of health actions, since it was observed that being a counselor-nurse makes them more engaged in the social reality and in the principles of health.</p>
      <p>It is up to the nurses to reflect on the proposal of a Health Council, having a triggering role to foster local health councils, in their territories of the Family Health Strategy, since it was proposed to be an instrument of legitimization of the SUS, representing a new way of thinking and acting to plan health policies. Thus, despite some deficiencies and misconceptions of nurses, we believe that nursing is on the right track in the defense and construction of a societal project.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="SA1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>ARTIGO ORIGINAL</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Ser enfermeiro, ser conselheiro: despertando para o controle social e sa&#250;de p&#250;blica</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4652-2950</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ponte</surname>
            <given-names>Herm&#237;nia Maria Sousa da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">I</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5084-4856</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Ant&#244;nio Vicente J&#250;nior Gon&#231;alves</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">II</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0771-6266</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Pinto</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco Ricardo Miranda</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">III</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6281-4523</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aguiar</surname>
            <given-names>Francisca Alanny Rocha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">IV</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0211-5963</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aviz</surname>
            <given-names>Ana Laura Mendon&#231;a de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">V</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1781-6623</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aires</surname>
            <given-names>Samia Freitas</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">I</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8915-8714</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Morais</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Henrique do Nascimento</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">IV</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5144-8978</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco Meykel Am&#226;ncio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">IV</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>I</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual do Cear&#225;. Fortaleza-CE, Brasil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7">
        <label>II</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Prefeitura Municipal de Catunda. Catunda-CE, Brasil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff8">
        <label>III</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual Vale do Acara&#250;. Sobral-CE, Brasil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff9">
        <label>IV</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Superior de Teologia Aplicada. Sobral-CE, Brasil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff10">
        <label>V</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Prefeitura Municipal de Jijoca de Jericoacoara. Jijoca de Jericoacoara-CE, Brasil.</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Autor Correspondente:</bold> Herm&#237;nia Maria Sousa Ponte E-mail: <email>herminiamponte@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <fpage>142</fpage>
      <lpage>147</lpage>
      <abstract>
        <title>RESUMO</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Compreender o momento do despertar para o controle social e suas contribui&#231;&#245;es sob a &#243;tica de enfermeiros conselheiros de sa&#250;de.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todo:</title>
          <p>Realizou-se entrevista semiestruturada com oito enfermeiros que atuam/atuaram como conselheiros de sa&#250;de. As informa&#231;&#245;es foram analisadas por meio da an&#225;lise tem&#225;tica de Minayo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>O interesse em participar do conselho emergiu a partir da profissionaliza&#231;&#227;o na Estrat&#233;gia Sa&#250;de da Fam&#237;lia, seja no prosseguimento do Conselho Municipal de Sa&#250;de, na forma&#231;&#227;o ou na participa&#231;&#227;o no movimento estudantil. Entre as contribui&#231;&#245;es relatou-se a forma&#231;&#227;o de um esp&#237;rito cr&#237;tico e reflexivo, melhor compreens&#227;o da gest&#227;o do sistema de sa&#250;de, aumento da sensibilidade com as necessidades do usu&#225;rio e aproxima&#231;&#227;o com a comunidade.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Considera&#231;&#245;es finais:</title>
          <p>Apesar de algumas fragilidades e concep&#231;&#245;es equivocadas dos enfermeiros, acredita-se que a enfermagem est&#225; no caminho certo na defesa e constru&#231;&#227;o de um projeto societ&#225;rio.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Descritores:</title>
        <kwd>Conselhos de Sa&#250;de</kwd>
        <kwd>Pol&#237;ticas de Controle Social</kwd>
        <kwd>Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de</kwd>
        <kwd>Participa&#231;&#227;o Social</kwd>
        <kwd>Enfermagem</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>INTRODU&#199;&#195;O</title>
        <p>O movimento para constru&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de como direito social contou com a participa&#231;&#227;o de diversos atores unidos no movimento da Reforma Sanit&#225;ria Brasileira, que apresenta a maior express&#227;o na 8&#170; Confer&#234;ncia Nacional de Sa&#250;de, que trouxe em seu tema <italic>Democracia e Sa&#250;de</italic> e contou, pela primeira vez em sua hist&#243;ria, com a participa&#231;&#227;o de trabalhadores e da popula&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        <p>Alicer&#231;ando os novos caminhos democr&#225;ticos para a sa&#250;de por meio da Constitui&#231;&#227;o Federal de 1988, com a cria&#231;&#227;o do Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de (SUS), que instituiu formalmente princ&#237;pios e diretrizes de universalidade, integralidade, participa&#231;&#227;o e controle social<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>)</sup>, a participa&#231;&#227;o social na sa&#250;de foi definida como um conjunto de interven&#231;&#245;es e for&#231;as sociais para formula&#231;&#227;o, avalia&#231;&#227;o e execu&#231;&#227;o das pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas nesse segmento. Sua institucionaliza&#231;&#227;o se deu por meio da Lei Org&#226;nica n&#186; 8.142/90, que regulamenta a paridade da Participa&#231;&#227;o Social em 50% usu&#225;rios, 25% gestores/prestadores privados e 25% profissionais de sa&#250;de<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A partir desse arcabou&#231;o jur&#237;dico, a d&#233;cada de 1990 foi marcada pela dissemina&#231;&#227;o dos conselhos de sa&#250;de em muitos munic&#237;pios por legalidade institucional. E, nos anos 2000, com a expans&#227;o da aten&#231;&#227;o prim&#225;ria &#8211; que traz como princ&#237;pio a participa&#231;&#227;o social enquanto atributo imprescind&#237;vel na corresponsabilidade do servi&#231;o de sa&#250;de e comunidade de um fazer em sa&#250;de comprometido com o contexto e as exig&#234;ncias locais &#8211; culminou a forma&#231;&#227;o de conselhos locais de sa&#250;de enquanto espa&#231;os promotores desses debates<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Valorizando os avan&#231;os da participa&#231;&#227;o social e cientes de que o envolvimento da comunidade e do setor sa&#250;de ainda enfrenta problemas para se consolidar, concorda-se com o estudo<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>)</sup> que destaca pr&#225;ticas de abuso de autoridade, principalmente sobre os usu&#225;rios, a baixa permeabilidade enquanto inst&#226;ncia deliberativa em detrimento de pr&#225;tica consultiva, demandas centradas em interesses individuais ou corporativos e a participa&#231;&#227;o fragilizada do profissional de sa&#250;de que ocupa cargo comissionado. Esse impasse conduz o conselheiro do segmento profissional a uma posi&#231;&#227;o constrangedora de votar contra o governo e a favor dos trabalhadores de sa&#250;de? Ou a favor do governo e contra os trabalhadores?</p>
        <p>Nesse contexto, desde a d&#233;cada de 1980, debate-se a perspectiva da forma&#231;&#227;o de profissionais cr&#237;ticos, reflexivos, compromissados com seu papel social, que atuem como sujeitos ativos no seu pr&#243;prio percurso de vida e de trabalho e contribuam para a constru&#231;&#227;o de um sistema de sa&#250;de igualit&#225;rio<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A enfermagem tem sua inser&#231;&#227;o capilarizada em diversos espa&#231;os de produ&#231;&#227;o de cuidado individual e coletivo, nas pol&#237;ticas e servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de e em conselhos locais e municipais de sa&#250;de, com for&#231;a de nortear mudan&#231;as sociais mais abrangentes<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref><sup>)</sup>. Dessa forma, estudos que abordem a participa&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro em movimentos de pol&#237;tica social e espa&#231;os de participa&#231;&#227;o social, como os conselhos municipais de sa&#250;de, elucidam as contribui&#231;&#245;es com vultosa import&#226;ncia<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>OBJETIVO</title>
        <p>Aprofundar o olhar na perspectiva dos enfermeiros que assumiram a fun&#231;&#227;o de conselheiros de sa&#250;de, a fim de compreender em que momento da sua vida profissional houve o despertar para o controle social e suas contribui&#231;&#245;es para sua atua&#231;&#227;o na sa&#250;de p&#250;blica.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#201;TODO</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Aspectos &#233;ticos</title>
          <p>A pesquisa foi norteada pela resolu&#231;&#227;o n&#186; 466, de 12 de dezembro de 2012, do Conselho Nacional de Sa&#250;de/Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de sobre pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>)</sup> que foi aprovada pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acara&#250;.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Tipo de estudo</title>
          <p>O estudo caracteriza-se por sua natureza explorat&#243;rio-descritiva, com abordagem qualitativa. Esta se baseia mais em um racioc&#237;nio conduzido por um processo indutivo, que permite explorar e descrever uma realidade ou contexto e, por fim, gerar perspectivas te&#243;ricas<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Procedimentos metodol&#243;gicos</title>
          <p>Inicialmente, em visita ao Conselho Municipal de Sa&#250;de (CMS) de Sobral (CE), foi feita uma busca nas atas de nomea&#231;&#227;o dos anos de 2008 a 2016 para identificar os conselheiros no segmento de profissionais de sa&#250;de com forma&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem.</p>
          <p>O primeiro contato com os profissionais se deu por telefone e, nessa ocasi&#227;o, foi explicado o objetivo do estudo e questionado sobre o interesse em participar. Aceito o convite, foram marcadas as entrevistas em hor&#225;rio e local, de acordo com a disponibilidade do entrevistado.</p>
          <p>O per&#237;odo de aplica&#231;&#227;o das entrevistas ocorreu entre os meses de setembro e novembro de 2016, em que foi permitido o encontro com os militantes da participa&#231;&#227;o popular, para dialogar sobre o tema da pesquisa. A participa&#231;&#227;o nesse estudo contribuiu para compreender a conjuntura local, ampliando a compreens&#227;o da realidade a partir do que o sujeito fala, o que proporcionou a riqueza na an&#225;lise do conte&#250;do.</p>
          <p>Os dados foram coletados ap&#243;s a explica&#231;&#227;o do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido pelo pesquisador e mediante assinatura desse documento pelo participante da pesquisa.</p>
          <p>Toda a conversa transcorreu face a face e foi direcionada pelo roteiro da entrevista semiestruturada, que continha tr&#234;s questionamentos geradores sobre o momento de interesse na participa&#231;&#227;o social, os desafios do envolvimento com o conselho de sa&#250;de e as contribui&#231;&#245;es do ser conselheiro para a pr&#225;xis profissional. Esse di&#225;logo foi registrado por meio de um gravador, para posterior transcrita na &#237;ntegra.</p>
          <p>Os participantes foram identificados pela sigla EC, em men&#231;&#227;o a enfermeiro conselheiro, acrescida por n&#250;meros ordinais, de acordo com a ordem de realiza&#231;&#227;o das entrevistas, a saber: EC 1, EC 2, EC 3, EC 4, EC 5, EC 6, EC 7, EC 8, procedimento esse que garantiu a preserva&#231;&#227;o do seu anonimato.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Cen&#225;rio do estudo</title>
          <p>O l&#243;cus da pesquisa foi o munic&#237;pio de Sobral, principal cidade do noroeste do Cear&#225;, localizada a 238 quil&#244;metros de Fortaleza, contando com &#225;rea de aproximadamente 2.123km<sup>2</sup> e popula&#231;&#227;o de 212.718 habitantes.</p>
          <p>O munic&#237;pio de Sobral (CE) conta com o Conselho Municipal de Sa&#250;de desde 1993, criado pela Lei Municipal n&#186; 52/1993<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref><sup>)</sup>, oriundo do processo de municipaliza&#231;&#227;o e da exig&#234;ncia de transfer&#234;ncias de recursos interfederativos disparados pela da Lei Org&#226;nica da Sa&#250;de n&#186; 8.142/90. <italic>A posteriori</italic>, modificou-se em 2001, pela Lei n&#186; 326, reestruturando sua composi&#231;&#227;o, que passou a constituir 24 (vinte e quatro) membros, obedecendo ao crit&#233;rio de paridade entre prestadores, governo e trabalhadores e usu&#225;rios e respeitando a seguinte proporcionalidade: 50% de usu&#225;rios, 25% trabalhadores de sa&#250;de e 25% de prestadores de servi&#231;os e governo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Fonte de dados</title>
          <p>Os crit&#233;rios de elegibilidade dos participantes foram: ter exercido ou estar no exerc&#237;cio de conselheiro de sa&#250;de na cidade de Sobral, no segmento profissional de sa&#250;de, nos per&#237;odos de 2008-2010; 2010-2012; 2012-2014; 2014-2016 e possuir gradua&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem.</p>
          <p>Considerando os crit&#233;rios acima pontuados, a popula&#231;&#227;o era de nove indiv&#237;duos, no entanto, destes, um recusou se envolver na investiga&#231;&#227;o, totalizando oito investigados.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Organiza&#231;&#227;o e an&#225;lise dos dados</title>
          <p>Ap&#243;s a transcri&#231;&#227;o das entrevistas, iniciou-se a an&#225;lise, buscando extrair dos relatos dos participantes dados significativos para a pesquisa. A an&#225;lise de dados seguiu seis passos: 1) organiza&#231;&#227;o dos dados para an&#225;lise; 2) leitura de todos os depoimentos; 3) an&#225;lise detalhada com processo de codifica&#231;&#227;o; 4) apresenta&#231;&#227;o dos temas extra&#237;dos da narrativa qualitativa; 5) extra&#231;&#227;o dos significados; e 6) elabora&#231;&#227;o de categorias tem&#225;ticas<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>)</sup>, a saber: &#8220;O despertar para a participa&#231;&#227;o e controle social&#8221; e &#8220;Contribui&#231;&#245;es da participa&#231;&#227;o como conselheiro para a atua&#231;&#227;o profissional&#8221;.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>RESULTADOS</title>
        <sec>
          <title>O despertar para a participa&#231;&#227;o e o controle social</title>
          <p>De acordo com a fala dos participantes da pesquisa h&#225; um fosso entre o interesse pelo controle social e a vida acad&#234;mica, al&#233;m de estarem impl&#237;citas dificuldades relacionadas ao contexto hist&#243;rico e dom&#237;nio do Estado quanto ao ensinado e o aprendido e suas rela&#231;&#245;es com os levantes sociais.</p>
          <p>
            <disp-quote>
              <p><italic>Nunca, naquela &#233;poca n&#227;o tinha, n&#227;o se pensava</italic>, n&#233;, <italic>nisso, n&#227;o tinha SUS n&#233;</italic>. [...] <italic>Isso foi coisa minha mesmo, a forma&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o tinha nada de participa&#231;&#227;o, era s&#243; t&#233;cnica, puramente t&#233;cnica</italic>. [...] <italic>eu fui profissional do Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de, o INAMPS</italic> [Instituto Nacional de Assist&#234;ncia M&#233;dica e Previd&#234;ncia Social], <italic>ent&#227;o eu posso fazer essa compara&#231;&#227;o de antes e como &#233; agora</italic>. (EC 1)</p>
              <p><italic>Na minha &#233;poca de academia era muito vaga, a grade curricular era muito pobre, eu me formei em 83. Eu acredito, pelo que eu j&#225; li, pelo que eu j&#225; vivi, que o que veio a partir da sa&#250;de da fam&#237;lia &#233; algo novo.</italic> (EC 3)</p>
            </disp-quote>
          </p>
          <p>&#201; importante destacar que, na fala dos personagens, os movimentos estudantis (ME) ocupam lugar de destaque no despertar do interesse deles pelo controle social. Houve unanimidade entre os participantes em reconhecer que &#233; no interior desses movimentos que h&#225; espa&#231;o para os primeiros contatos com o reconhecimento do controle social como forma de qualificar os servi&#231;os prestados.</p>
          <p>
            <disp-quote>
              <p><italic>No meio per&#237;odo acad&#234;mico a gente acabava sendo direcionada</italic> &#224; <italic>participa&#231;&#227;o e milit&#226;ncia, mas, para parte dos movimentos estudantis</italic> [...], <italic>que participar de movimentos estudantis acaba, de fato, estando no meio dos movimentos sociais</italic> . (EC 4)</p>
              <p><italic>Sempre me coloquei nos movimentos estudantis, acad&#234;micos, de grupos de campanhas, de participar desses movimentos extra-acad&#234;micos, e foi fortalecendo o interesse na participa&#231;&#227;o social.</italic> (EC 7)</p>
              <p><italic>Ainda que de forma t&#237;mida, o movimento estudantil acabou direcionando.</italic> (EC 2)</p>
            </disp-quote>
          </p>
          <p>Os participantes apontaram, ainda, que o ingresso no universo da Aten&#231;&#227;o Prim&#225;ria &#224; Sa&#250;de (APS) no espa&#231;o da Estrat&#233;gia de Sa&#250;de da Fam&#237;lia (ESF) &#8211; seja como profissional representante da categoria, indicado ou como cofundador do CMS &#8211; foi um momento que despertou seu interesse.</p>
          <p>
            <disp-quote>
              <p><italic>Eu comecei a me interessar desde quando eu comecei a trabalhar na Sa&#250;de da Fam&#237;lia, que existia a ideia de formar o conselho local de sa&#250;de nas unidades</italic>. (EC 5)</p>
              <p><italic>Surgiu quando eu trabalhava na Aten&#231;&#227;o B&#225;sica do munic&#237;pio de Sobral, quando eu era gerente de um Centro de Sa&#250;de da Fam&#237;lia e, nessa &#233;poca, como eu trabalhava na gest&#227;o, a gente tinha que incentivar a popula&#231;&#227;o ao controle social, na forma&#231;&#227;o dos conselhos locais de sa&#250;de.</italic> (EC 6)</p>
            </disp-quote>
          </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Contribui&#231;&#245;es da participa&#231;&#227;o como conselheiro para a atua&#231;&#227;o profissional</title>
          <p>Os participantes do estudo relacionam, com unanimidade, o desenvolvimento pessoal e profissional, al&#233;m do olhar mais cr&#237;tico e reflexivo &#224;s quest&#245;es da comunidade, apontando inclusive um olhar mais humanizado a partir de suas participa&#231;&#245;es no CMS, al&#233;m de expressarem o fortalecimento dos v&#237;nculos e a necessidade da escuta ativa &#224;s solicitudes da comunidade.</p>
          <p>
            <disp-quote>
              <p><italic>Eu acho que contribuiu para minha forma&#231;&#227;o enquanto pessoa. Eu acho que essa quest&#227;o da participa&#231;&#227;o contribuiu pra poder ampliar o meu olhar, de situa&#231;&#227;o que as pessoas vivem, de conhecer uma realidade que at&#233; ent&#227;o eu n&#227;o tinha</italic>. (EC 1)</p>
              <p><italic>S&#243; me fortaleceu, no sentido de respeitar a opini&#227;o p&#250;blica, sentir a real car&#234;ncia e a necessidade da comunidade</italic> [...], <italic>voc&#234; fica mais pr&#243;ximo da comunidade. Eu aprendi muito, eu acho que, quando a gente sai das quatro paredes do consult&#243;rio, da assist&#234;ncia de dentro de um Centro de Sa&#250;de da Fam&#237;lia, a gente vivencia a gest&#227;o e consegue entender melhor os processos, entender e compreender melhor os processos, a gente consegue trabalhar de forma melhor. Ent&#227;o, assim, eu pude perceber e entender a gest&#227;o do SUS de dentro a partir de quem est&#225; inserido, ent&#227;o eu conheci as dificuldades, eu conheci os problemas que ali estavam postos.</italic> (EC 5)</p>
            </disp-quote>
          </p>
          <p>Para al&#233;m de refletir a participa&#231;&#227;o no CMS como facilitadora do &#8220;estar gestor&#8221;, est&#225; a capta&#231;&#227;o da percep&#231;&#227;o comunit&#225;ria a partir do que &#233; apresentado pelas entidades populares cuja aproxima&#231;&#227;o com a comunidade &#233; mais s&#243;lida e traz um olhar mais efetivo sobre o papel do conselheiro.</p>
          <p>
            <disp-quote>
              <p><italic>A principal contribui&#231;&#227;o enquanto conselheira, para minha profiss&#227;o, foi a melhora do v&#237;nculo, a gente se aproxima mais das pessoas, compreende a vis&#227;o do usu&#225;rio que vem de suas entidades populares, que faz repensar como estamos atuando</italic>. (EC 8)</p>
            </disp-quote>
          </p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>DISCUSS&#195;O</title>
        <p>A partir dos dados desta pesquisa &#233; poss&#237;vel trazer como primeiro enfoque a fragilidade na literatura cient&#237;fica nacional a respeito do enfermeiro dentro do Conselho Municipal de Sa&#250;de, limitando o debate dos resultados at&#233; chegar &#224; reflex&#227;o dentro de uma proposta de discuss&#227;o com estudos similares como ocorreu com o estudo sobre caracteriza&#231;&#227;o da forma&#231;&#227;o em enfermagem na Col&#244;mbia<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>)</sup>. Ainda assim, opta-se, neste, por realizar a discuss&#227;o de forma a refletir os achados deste estudo e, assim, para a constru&#231;&#227;o de evid&#234;ncias na tem&#225;tica.</p>
        <p>Com os achados da pesquisa, inferidos a partir da fala dos participantes, &#233; poss&#237;vel depreender que o interesse no controle social tem poucas rela&#231;&#245;es diretas com o espa&#231;o de forma&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica, n&#227;o tendo havido cr&#233;ditos a essa etapa. Tal lacuna pode indicar discuss&#245;es pouco acentuadas sobre o CMS que despertem nos acad&#234;micos o interesse pela tem&#225;tica, ou ainda sua aus&#234;ncia dentro das propostas pol&#237;tico-pedag&#243;gicas dos cursos para atender o preconizado pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do Curso de Enfermagem quanto &#224; forma&#231;&#227;o social do enfermeiro<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Ainda nessa perspectiva, se a forma&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro n&#227;o acontecer dentro do espa&#231;o da sua forma&#231;&#227;o inicial, esta deve ser compensada nos processos formativos do espa&#231;o de atua&#231;&#227;o do conselheiro, superando os olhares puramente t&#233;cnicos e despertando outras dimens&#245;es de valores<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A fragilidade na forma&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro, na perspectiva do CMS, n&#227;o indica que esse assunto n&#227;o seja apresentado nos cursos de enfermagem, mas que &#233; pouco abordado e que h&#225; necessidade de rever, tamb&#233;m, a quest&#227;o curricular da forma&#231;&#227;o inicial, introduzindo o acad&#234;mico no contexto do controle social &#8211; n&#227;o apenas no cuidado ao processo sa&#250;de-doen&#231;a, ainda fixado na vis&#227;o biom&#233;dica. Essa percep&#231;&#227;o de revis&#227;o da forma&#231;&#227;o implica o reordenamento das institui&#231;&#245;es como respons&#225;veis no processo formativo de forma que se compreenda sua responsabilidade pelo curr&#237;culo que contemple as diversas dimens&#245;es para os desafios inerentes ao Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de e em toda sua complexidade, seja assistencial, de gest&#227;o, de educa&#231;&#227;o permanente e participa&#231;&#227;o social<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Merece destaque a &#233;poca relatada pelo profissional que compreende o per&#237;odo da ditadura militar, regime em que o Estado exercia total autoridade sobre a popula&#231;&#227;o. Inexistiam espa&#231;os de interlocu&#231;&#227;o com a coletividade e com os setores organizados da sociedade, havendo at&#233; a proibi&#231;&#227;o de organiza&#231;&#227;o ou express&#227;o desses setores. Durante o regime ditatorial existia um forte controle do Estado autorit&#225;rio sobre o conjunto da sociedade, forma que a classe dominante encontrou para exercer sua hegemonia, dando suporte para a consolida&#231;&#227;o do capitalismo monopolista<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>&#201;, ainda, no per&#237;odo da ditadura que se encampa a Reforma Sanit&#225;ria e, principalmente, a discuss&#227;o quanto &#224; supera&#231;&#227;o do modelo assistencial-privatista por interm&#233;dio dos movimentos promovidos pelos grupos sociais tanto de partidos de esquerda como de intelectuais, que compreendiam que o movimento promovido pelo povo consegue reverter as rela&#231;&#245;es de controle e dom&#237;nio que o Estado busca desenvolver. Assim, fica nas m&#227;os da popula&#231;&#227;o em geral o poder de decidir o que o Estado deve desenvolver<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>As falas dos participantes apontam que o enfermeiro que segue pelos caminhos dos conselhos municipais de sa&#250;de j&#225; &#233; oriundo do servi&#231;o de sa&#250;de, e que a participa&#231;&#227;o possivelmente est&#225; associada &#224;s indica&#231;&#245;es que podem acontecer pelas classes trabalhistas e/ou pela indica&#231;&#227;o de gestores municipais que t&#234;m interesse em manter representantes que sejam de sua confian&#231;a<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Estudo realizado em Teixeiras, no estado de Minas Gerais, evidencia a negatividade das interven&#231;&#245;es pol&#237;ticas no espa&#231;o dos CMS, evidenciando, inclusive, que esta &#233;, tamb&#233;m, uma percep&#231;&#227;o dos pr&#243;prios membros do grupo. &#201; importante destacar que a pr&#243;pria legisla&#231;&#227;o j&#225; aponta que 25% dos membros do CMS devem ser representantes da esfera governamental, o que pode despertar essa sensa&#231;&#227;o de descren&#231;a entre os membros do conselho<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>A forma como todos os participantes da pesquisa associam sua participa&#231;&#227;o no CMS e sua pr&#225;tica profissional &#233; outro ponto de destaque nos achados desse estudo, quando eles mencionaram a melhora do v&#237;nculo com a comunidade, a aproxima&#231;&#227;o com a realidade local e compreens&#227;o das necessidades da comunidade. Expressaram tamb&#233;m a contribui&#231;&#227;o quanto &#224; compreens&#227;o da estrutura e funcionamento da gest&#227;o do SUS e do processo de constru&#231;&#227;o do modelo assistencial voltado aos seus princ&#237;pios e diretrizes, um entendimento ampliado de sa&#250;de.</p>
        <p>Entretanto, n&#227;o s&#227;o apenas esses aspectos que devem ser observados. Atente-se para o fato de que essa percep&#231;&#227;o da import&#226;ncia do v&#237;nculo com a comunidade e a vis&#227;o dos problemas possibilita ao enfermeiro &#8211; e agora tamb&#233;m conselheiro &#8211; conseguir envolver a pr&#243;pria comunidade na visualiza&#231;&#227;o e encaminhamento de seus pr&#243;prios problemas<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Os enfermeiros-conselheiros &#8211; e aqui se compreenda o porqu&#234; da proposta de t&#237;tulo deste estudo &#8211; que tiveram contato com o CMS em suas vidas profissionais, atentam-se n&#227;o apenas &#224;s quest&#245;es burocr&#225;ticas, mas tamb&#233;m &#224; forma como conseguem ser mais humanistas a partir de suas experi&#234;ncias. A profiss&#227;o de enfermagem em si j&#225; &#233; carregada do simbolismo do fazer o bem, do cuidado em sa&#250;de, refor&#231;ado pela Pol&#237;tica Nacional de Humaniza&#231;&#227;o (PNH), o que torna pass&#237;vel de comparar com os achados do estudo realizado com os apoiadores do HumanizaSUS, na perspectiva do aprender a partir do processo de trabalho<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref><sup>)</sup>.</p>
        <p>Esse fazer enfermagem de forma salutar, tendo como foco central o usu&#225;rio e suas necessidades, &#233; o que possibilita e dinamiza o crescimento profissional e pessoal, pois o olhar humanizado ao sofrimento do outro, heterogeneizando ao inv&#233;s de homogeneizar<sup>(</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref><sup>)</sup>, deve fazer parte da pr&#225;tica de enfermagem.</p>
        <p>Assim, o profissional deve se envolver no controle social para o planejamento e a efetiva&#231;&#227;o das a&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de, tendo em vista a dimens&#227;o ampla desse conceito e o desafio que se apresenta, com o intuito de garanti-la, para a implementa&#231;&#227;o de pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas e rela&#231;&#227;o direta com a popula&#231;&#227;o usu&#225;ria, tanto no &#226;mbito individual quanto no coletivo, estando inserida em um contexto social, hist&#243;rico e cultural que precisa ser valorizado.</p>
        <p>Em dias atuais, exige-se qualifica&#231;&#227;o profissional que ultrapassa o fazer meramente t&#233;cnico e incorpora a gest&#227;o de pol&#237;ticas sociais e p&#250;blicas, garantindo um profissional propositivo, capaz de atender as necessidades de sa&#250;de pautadas nos princ&#237;pios do SUS, nas inst&#226;ncias de participa&#231;&#227;o e controle social.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Limita&#231;&#245;es do estudo</title>
          <p>Embora o estudo tenha captado a participa&#231;&#227;o de enfermeiros conselheiros ao longo de dez anos, o n&#250;mero de oito participantes pode ter sido escasso para delinear a contribui&#231;&#227;o da atua&#231;&#227;o profissional no exerc&#237;cio do controle social em n&#237;vel nacional, considerando-se necess&#225;rio que haja mais estudos na mesma tem&#225;tica, com prop<bold>&#243;</bold>sito de captar outras realidades, especificidades locais e a pluralidade das unidades da Federa&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Contribui&#231;&#245;es do estudo</title>
          <p>Contudo, o di&#225;logo com os enfermeiros-conselheiros captou o quanto a forma&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica n&#227;o prioriza a discuss&#227;o reflexiva do controle social, inclusive para al&#233;m dos dispositivos constitucionais, aliado a uma cultura incipiente de democracia participativa na vida comunit&#225;ria, estudantil e profissional.</p>
          <p>Desvendar o ser enfermeiro-conselheiro &#233; conhecer a dicotomia de produzir e propor transforma&#231;&#245;es em sa&#250;de, tendo por vezes que ir de encontro ao modelo verticalizado proposto pelo gestor local, que exerce autoridade sobre seu emprego.</p>
          <p>&#201; preciso que o controle social aconte&#231;a na pr&#225;tica para que n&#227;o fique apenas em lei, e que a sociedade civil e os profissionais de sa&#250;de ocupem de modo pleno e efetivo esses espa&#231;os de participa&#231;&#227;o social, para defender e lutar contra as for&#231;as contr&#225;rias que querem perpetuar uma sociedade injusta e desigual.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>CONSIDERA&#199;&#213;ES FINAIS</title>
        <p>Numa sociedade em constante reafirma&#231;&#227;o dos direitos sociais, a enfermagem tem papel social na cidadania e na constru&#231;&#227;o cotidiana para reafirma&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de como direito. Assim, observou-se que, ao participar do conselho de sa&#250;de, o enfermeiro obt&#233;m conhecimento para a vida pessoal e profissional, por meio de suas fun&#231;&#245;es di&#225;rias e das capacita&#231;&#245;es, passando a ser um profissional participativo que opina e que tem a consci&#234;ncia dos seus direitos e deveres.</p>
        <p>A representa&#231;&#227;o do enfermeiro como conselheiro de sa&#250;de contribui para o envolvimento pol&#237;tico e cidad&#227;o na consolida&#231;&#227;o do SUS, pelo planejamento, acompanhamento e pela avalia&#231;&#227;o das a&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de, pois identificou-se que ser conselheiro-enfermeiro o torna mais implicado a realidade social e nos princ&#237;pios democr&#225;ticos de sa&#250;de.</p>
        <p>Cabe aos enfermeiros refletirem sobre a proposta de um Conselho de Sa&#250;de, tendo papel disparador para estimular os conselhos locais de sa&#250;de, em seus territ&#243;rios da Estrat&#233;gia Sa&#250;de da Fam&#237;lia, visto que foi proposto para ser um instrumento de legitima&#231;&#227;o do SUS, representando uma forma nova de pensar e agir para programar as pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de. Destarte, apesar de algumas fragilidades e concep&#231;&#245;es equivocadas dos enfermeiros, acredita-se que a enfermagem est&#225; no caminho certo na defesa e constru&#231;&#227;o de um projeto societ&#225;rio.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
